3.2.1 Reactions with Metals

• Why do highly reactive metals like potassium and sodium react with water?

  They react violently with water to produce hydrogen gas
• What are the metals listed in the image?

  • Potassium
  • Sodium
  • Lithium
  • Barium
  • Strontium
  • Calcium
  • Magnesium
  • Aluminium
  • Manganese
  • Zinc
  • Chromium
  • Iron
  • Cadmium
  • Cobalt
  • Nickel
  • Tin
  • Lead
  • Hydrogen
  • Antimony
  • Bismuth
  • Copper
  • Mercury
  • Silver
  • Gold
  • Platinum
• How do the reactivities of alkali metals compare to noble metals?

  Alkali metals are very reactive, noble metals are not
• How can the reactivity of metals be used in practical applications?

  • Highly reactive metals like sodium and potassium are used in batteries and other energy storage devices
  • Less reactive metals like copper, silver, and gold are used in electrical wiring and jewelry
  • Unreactive metals like platinum are used as catalysts in chemical processes
• What is the most reactive metal in the list?

  Potassium
• What is the reactivity of the metals listed?

  • Reacts with water
  • Reacts with acids
  • Highly unreactive
• What is the difference in reactivity between Group 1 and 2 metals and noble metals?

  Group 1 and 2 metals react, noble metals do not
• What do some metals react with?

  Acids
• How does the reactivity of metals vary?

  It varies among different metals
• What is the reactivity of transition metals with acids?

  Variable reactivity
• What is the reactivity of metals at the top of the reactivity series?

  They react super fast with acids
• What do some metals do when they react with acids?

  They react quickly and energetically
• How can we categorize metals based on their reactivity?

  By their position in a reactivity series
• What analogy is used for metals that do not want to react?

  Like sleepy kittens
• How are metals categorized by their reactivity?

  • Group 1 and 2 metals: react violently with water
  • Most transition metals: need stronger acids
  • Noble metals: don't react with acids
• What is formed when metals react with acids?

  A new salty substance
• Which metals require stronger acids for reaction?

  Most transition metals
• What groups of metals are known to react with acids?

  Groups 1 and 2
• How does the reactivity of metals relate to their position in the periodic table?

  Metals become more reactive as you move down the periodic table group
• What do metals produce when they react with acids?

  Salts and hydrogen gas
• What determines which metals react with acids?

  The reactivity series
• What is the reactivity of noble metals with acids?

  No reaction
• What do metals in the middle require to react?

  A stronger acid
• How do the most reactive metals behave?

  They react quickly with water
• How are sleepy metals characterized in their reaction with acids?

  They don't react with acids at all
• What gas is produced when metals react with acids?

  Hydrogen gas
• How do metals differ in their reactivity with water and acids?

  • Metals at the top: React quickly with water
  • Metals in the middle: Need stronger acids to react
  • Metals at the bottom: Do not react at all
• What analogy is used to describe metals reacting with acids?

  Acids are compared to a playground
• What analogy is used to explain balancing chemical equations?

  • Chemical equations are like seesaws
  • Both sides must have equal weight
  • Ensures stability and balance
• How does the eagerness of metals to react with acids vary?

  It depends on their position in the reactivity series
• What are the categories of metals based on their reactivity with acids?

  • Energetic Metals: React quickly with acids
  • Transition Metals: React with stronger acids
  • Sleepy Metals: Do not react with acids
• What does the reactivity series show?

  How readily metals react with acids
• How do you achieve balance in a chemical equation?

  By using coefficients to balance elements
• What role does the acid play in the reaction with metals?

  The acid gives part of itself to the metal
• What are the steps in the reaction between magnesium and hydrochloric acid?

  1. Magnesium (Mg) reacts with hydrochloric acid (HCl)
  2. The products are magnesium chloride (MgCl2) and hydrogen gas (H2)
  3. The balanced chemical equation is: Mg + 2 HCl → MgCl2 + H2
• What is the specific reaction when calcium reacts with nitric acid?

  Ca + HNO3 → Ca(NO3)2 + H2
• Which metals typically react with acids?

  Most active metals
• What is the term used for the new substance formed from the reaction of metals and acids?

  Salt
• What role do coefficients play in balancing chemical equations?

  They adjust the number of atoms for balance
• How are chemical equations similar to a seesaw?

  Both require balance on each side