3.2.2 Reactions with Metal Oxides and Hydroxides

• What is the chemical formula for dinitrogen monoxide (nitrous oxide)?

  $N_2O$
• What are metal oxides made of?

  Metal blocks and oxygen blocks
• What is the chemical formula for nitrogen trioxide?

  $NO_3$
• What is the description of dinitrogen trioxide?

  Blue solid
• What is the description of nitrogen trioxide?

  Unstable radical
• What is the chemical formula for nitrogen dioxide?

  $NO_2$
• In the formula Me₂Oₘ, what does 'm' represent?

  The number of oxygen atoms needed
• What are the chemical structures of the following nitrogen oxides: nitrogen dioxide, dinitrogen tetroxide, dinitrogen pentoxide and nitrogen trioxide?

  • Nitrogen dioxide ($NO_2$): O-N-O with single bonds from each O
  • Dinitrogen tetroxide ($N_2O_4$): O-N-N-O with single bonds from each O
  • Dinitrogen pentoxide ($N_2O_5$): [NO2]+[NO3]- connected via O-N-O, each with single bonds to the other O
  • Nitrogen trioxide ($NO_3$): O-N-O with single bonds from each O
• How do metal oxides form?

  By combining a metal block with an oxygen block
• What is the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between aluminum hydroxide and water?

  2Al(OH)3 → Al2O3 + 3H2O
• What is the result of the reaction between sulfuric acid and copper oxide?

  Copper sulfate and water
• What is the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between sodium hydroxide and water?

  2NaOH → Na2O + H2O
• What do the tiny parts in water that stick to metal oxides represent?

  They represent "OH" groups
• What is the chemical formula for dinitrogen trioxide?

  $N_2O_3$
• What happens when metal oxides mix with water?

  They form metal hydroxides
• What is produced when an acid reacts with a metal oxide or hydroxide?

  Salt and water
• What is the chemical formula for dinitrogen pentoxide?

  $N_2O_5$
• What is the chemical formula for dinitrogen tetroxide?

  $N_2O_4$
• What is the process of forming metal hydroxides from metal oxides and water?

  • Metal oxide block mixes with water
  • "OH" groups from water attach to metal oxide
  • New compound formed: metal hydroxide
• What are the precipitates and complexes formed when limited aqueous sodium hydroxide is added to the original aqueous ion solution?

  • Cr(OH)3 (green)
  • Mn(OH)2 (white)
  • Fe(OH)3 (brown)
  • Fe(OH)3 (brown)
  • Co(OH)2 (blue)
  • Ni(OH)2 (green)
  • Cu(OH)2 (blue)
  • Zn(OH)2 (white)
• How does the reaction of sulfuric acid with copper oxide illustrate the general reaction equation?

  It shows acid reacting with metal oxide to form salt and water
• What is the chemical formula for lead(II) hydroxide?

  Pb(OH)2
• How can the reaction of an acid with a metal oxide or hydroxide be viewed as a recipe?

  It combines ingredients to create a new product
• How do metal hydroxides form?

  When metal oxides dissolve in water
• What is the chemical formula for (mono)nitrogen monoxide (nitric oxide)?

  $NO$
• What is the product of mixing acid and metal oxide?

  Salt and water
• What is the description of dinitrogen monoxide (nitrous oxide)?

  Colourless gas
• What is added to the original aqueous ion solution to form the third set of precipitates and complexes shown?

  Limited aqueous ammonia
• Why is balancing equations described as a fun game?

  It ensures everything is fair and equal
• What is the definition of metal oxides?

  • Composed of metal blocks and oxygen blocks
  • Formed by their combination
  • Usually hard in nature
• What is the chemical formula for calcium hydroxide?

  Ca(OH)2
• What is the process of forming sodium hydroxide from sodium oxide?

  • Sodium oxide (Na₂O) dissolves in water
  • Produces sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
• What are metal oxides?

  Compounds formed when a metal reacts with oxygen
• How are acids described in the study material?

  Like messes on the floor
• What is the description of dinitrogen tetroxide?

  Colourless liquid
• What is the purpose of the reaction between an acid and a base?

  To produce a salt and water
• What is the chemical equation shown in the image?

  CH4 + 4Cl2 → CCl4 + 4HCl
• What is the significance of balancing charges in the formula Me₂Oₘ?

  It ensures the compound is electrically neutral
• What does the reaction $CuO(s) +$$H_{2}SO_{4}(aq) \rightarrow CuSO_{4}(aq) +$$H_{2}O(l)$ illustrate?


  Neutralization of an acid by a metal oxide
• How does the reaction between an acid and a metal differ from the reaction between an acid and a base?

  Acid + Metal produces a salt and hydrogen, while Acid + Base produces a salt and water