Eukaryotic cells

• What is the nucluear envelope?

  The nuclear envelope is a double membrane surrounding the nucleus.
• What is a nuclear pore?

  Materials can move in and out of the nucleus via tiny holes in the nuclear envelope.
• whats the Nucleus?

  Surrounded by the nucleur envelope, controls the cell and stores genetic information. Site of transcription
• what is a tissue?

  Multiple cells working together for a specific function
• what is a organ?

  Multiple tissues working together for a specific function
• what is a organ system?

  multiple organs working together to form a specific function.
• What is the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

  The rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) is a system of folded membranes that has ribosomes on its outer surface. 

   

  The rough endoplasmic reticulum is where proteins are processed and packaged into vesicles.
• How does the structure of the rough endoplasmic reticulum help enable the synthesis of proteins?

  Has ribosomes on its surface and a large surface area
• What is the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

  The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is a system of membranes with no ribosomes on the outer surface. 

   

  The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is where carbohydrates and lipids are secreted and packaged into vesicles.
• What are the functions of the Golgi apparatus?

  The Golgi stores and modifies proteins and lipids. It then packages these substances into vesicles for transportation.

   

  Some of the proteins packaged are enzymes. These enzymes are used to form lysosomes.
• What is a lysosome?

  A lysosome is a membrane-bound organelle that releases digestive enzymes, such as unwanted materials and pathogens
• What is the function of the mitochondria?

  Mitochondria are the sites of aerobic respiration and production of ATP.
• A - Matrix

  B - inner membrane folded into cristae

  
• What is a ribosome?

  responsible for protein synthesis, made of rRNA and Proteins.
• What are Centrioles?

  Small tubes made of microtubules. Involved in cell division (spindle fiber formation)
• What is the digestive enzyme for lysosomes?

  Lysozyme
• what is a peroxisome?

  responsible for oxidation reactions that break down fatty acids and amino acids, Peroxisomes help detoxify harmful chemicals and produce hydrogen peroxide
• What is the function of the vacuole in a plant cell?

  The vacuole supports the plant by making cells turgid.

   

  It also stores sugars and amino acids, which can act as a temporary food store.
• What are plant cell walls mainly composed of?

  Cellulose
• What are fungal cell walls composed of?

  Chitin
• What are thylakoids?

  Thylakoids are flattened sacs in the chloroplast, containing the pigment chlorophyll. 
• What are grana?

  Grana are stacks of thylakoids found in the stroma of a chloroplast.
• Where else is DNA stored?

  chloroplast and mitochondria