Cognitive Explanations of Offending Behaviour

• Who is the main character in the scenario?

  Hannah
• What illness was Emmy diagnosed with?

  A rare type of cancer
• What was the name of the drug invented by the pharmacist?

  Psycbustium
• How much did it cost to make the drug?

  £200
• What was the selling price of the drug?

  £2,000
• Why couldn't Hannah buy the drug?

  She didn't have enough money
• How much money did Hannah manage to raise?

  £1,000
• What action did Hannah take when fundraising failed?

  She broke into the pharmacy
• What moral dilemma is presented in the scenario?

  Whether stealing the drug was right or wrong
• What are Kohlberg's three levels of moral reasoning?

  1. Pre-conventional
  2. Conventional
  3. Post-conventional
• What characterizes the pre-conventional level of moral reasoning?

  Focus on personal consequences
• What are the two stages of the pre-conventional level?

  Punishment orientation and reward orientation
• What is the first stage of pre-conventional moral reasoning?

  Punishment orientation
• What is the focus of the conventional level of moral reasoning?

  Personal relationships and societal norms
• How do criminals typically reason at the pre-conventional level?

  They overestimate rewards and underestimate risks
• What is the third stage of the conventional level?

  Good intention stage
• What is the fourth stage of the conventional level?

  Social obedience
• What characterizes the post-conventional level of moral reasoning?

  Personal ethical principles guide decisions
• What is the fifth stage of post-conventional moral reasoning?

  Social contract view
• What is the sixth stage of post-conventional moral reasoning?

  Universal ethics
• How does Kohlberg's theory relate to criminal behavior?

  Most criminals are at the pre-conventional level
• What is hostile attribution bias?

  Assuming negative intentions from others
• What is minimization in the context of cognitive distortions?

  Seeing behavior as less serious than it is
• What are the evaluations of Kohlberg's theory?

  • Based on hypothetical dilemmas
  • Social desirability bias affects responses
  • Gender bias in sample
  • Men appear more morally developed
• What did Holland and Palmer find in their study?

  Male offenders had lower moral reasoning
• What is a limitation of Kohlberg's research?

  It uses hypothetical dilemma questions
• What is a potential issue with generalizing Kohlberg's findings?

  Limited applicability to real-life situations
• What did Gilligan suggest about Kohlberg's theory?

  It focuses on a male ideal of justice
• How can cognitive behavioral programs help reduce reoffending?

  By challenging irrational thinking
• What is the purpose of the video series on psychboost.com?

  • Help with qualifications
  • Access to bonus resources
  • Tutorial videos and Discord channel
• What is the main topic of the video discussed?

  Cognitive explanations for offending behavior
• What does Kohlberg's theory suggest about moral development?

  Moral reasoning becomes more mature over time
• How does the thought process affect moral decisions according to the video?

  It determines the stage of moral reasoning
• What is the significance of the scenario presented in the video?

  It illustrates moral reasoning stages
• What is the main focus of cognitive distortions in offending behavior?

  Misunderstanding motivations and reality
• What is the role of anger management programs?

  To reduce reoffending through cognitive challenges
• What is the final topic mentioned in the video?

  Differential association theory