classification

• Why do we need to classify species?

  To organize millions of different species
• How did our ancestors classify species?

  Based on physical appearance
• What is a limitation of using simple names for species?

  They don't indicate relatedness among species
• Who proposed the Linnaean system of classification?

  Carl Linnaeus
• What are the main categories in the Linnaean system?

  Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species
• In what language are the names in the Linnaean system primarily written?

  Latin
• What is the binomial naming system?

  It uses genus and species names
• How should you write species names in the binomial system?

  Italicize and capitalize the genus name
• What did Carl Woese propose in the 1990s?

  The three domain system of classification
• What are the three domains proposed by Woese?

  Eukaryota, bacteria, archaea
• What does the domain Eukaryota include?

  Organisms with eukaryotic cells
• What are bacteria often referred to as?

  True bacteria
• Where are archaea typically found?

  Extreme conditions like hot springs
• How do evolutionary trees represent species relationships?

  By linking common ancestors
• How are birds related to Tyrannosaurus rex according to evolutionary trees?

  They share a more recent common ancestor
• What does a split in an evolutionary tree indicate?

  A common ancestor splitting into species
• What do scientists compare to learn about species relationships?

  Structure and DNA of different species
• What is a mnemonic?

  A phrase to help remember terms
• What mnemonic can help remember the order of classification groups?

  Dear Kate Please Come Over For Great Spaghetti
• What are the main features of the Linnaean classification system?

  • Groups species by characteristics
  • Uses Latin names
  • Hierarchical structure: kingdom to species
• What are the strengths and weaknesses of the three domain system?

  Strengths:

  • More accurate relationships
  • Incorporates RNA analysis

  
  

  Weaknesses:

  • More complex than Linnaean system
  • Not universally adopted
• How do evolutionary trees differ in representation?

  • Different forms can show the same information
  • Splits indicate common ancestors
  • Visualize relationships among species