assumptions ♡

• What does Cognitive Psychology emphasize?

  How thinking affects our behaviour
• When did the most recent cognitive approaches develop?

  In the 1950s and 1960s
• How is all behaviour explained in Cognitive Psychology?

  In terms of thoughts, beliefs, and attitudes
• What are the first five words associated with the word "restaurant"?

  1. Food
  2. Chef
  3. Waiter
  4. Table
  5. Drink
• What is a schema in Cognitive Psychology?

  An organized package of information
• How many schemas do we each have?

  Many, one for each life aspect
• How are schemas derived?

  From experiences and interactions
• What do mental schemas contain?

  Stereotypes and expectations acquired in life
• What happens when we open a schema?

  We use the information within it
• Do schemas represent reality?

  No, they are interpretations
• Can schemas change?

  Yes, schemas can change
• What are essential cognitive processes in understanding the world?

  • Perception
  • Attention
  • Language
  • Memory
• How do mental processes work together?

  They allow us to respond quickly
• What is the PALM process in cognitive psychology?

  1. See a dog (Attention)
  2. Identify features (Perception)
  3. Search memory (Memory)
  4. Name it (Language)
• What happens when we smell a flower with eyes closed?

  1. Attention to smell
  2. Observe colour and shape (Perception)
  3. Recognize species (Memory)
  4. Describe it (Language)
• What is Information Processing in cognitive psychology?

  Using perception, attention, language, and memory
• What analogy compares the human mind to a computer?

  The computer analogy
• What model did Atkinson and Shiffrin propose in 1968?

  The multistore model
• How is information received in the multistore model?

  By the sensory store
• How long is information held in short-term memory?

  For a short time
• What allows information to move to long-term memory?

  Rehearsal
• What does the rehearsal loop do?

  Maintains information in short-term memory
• What are the main assumptions of the cognitive approach?

  • Schemas
  • Internal Mental Processes
  • Computer Analogy
• How does the cognitive approach explain human behaviour?

  By how individuals process and interpret information
• How do mental representations guide actions?

  They shape responses to experiences
• What happens if someone learns touching a hot stove causes pain?

  They will avoid doing so in future
• How do cognitive schemas affect perception?

  They influence how we perceive the world
• What can a negative self-schema lead to?

  Feelings of insecurity or avoidance
• How do memories influence behaviour?

  They shape responses to situations
• What role do heuristics play in decision-making?

  They lead to quicker but biased conclusions
• How do cognitive processes explain a range of behaviours?

  From simple tasks to complex interactions