Rebels of 1569 - 70

• Thomas Percy

  Earl of Northumberland - a major catholic northern landowner.
• Charles Neville

  Earl of Westmoreland - a major catholic northern landowner.
• Thomas Howard

  Duke of Norfolk, a senior noble and protestant, with family links to the old, northern catholic families. He planned to marry Mary Queen Of Scots.
• Jane Neville

  The wife of Charles Neville and the Duke of Norfolk's sister.
• The Marriage plan

  • Mary would marry the duke of Norfolk, remove Elizabeth and become queen herself. she told the Spanish ambassador in 1569 that she "shall be queen in 3 months ," and that " mass shall be said all over the country. "
  • Robert Dudley told Elizabeth of the plot leading to Norfolk's arrest and imprisonment in the tower.
• Progress of the marriage revolt

  • Northumberland and Westmorland , with their wives' support, continued with the revolt. they took control of Durham cathedral celebrating mass there as well as in other northern churches, and began to move south.
  • Elizabeth moves Mary to Coventry to stop her escaping to join the rebels.
  • Though the rebels captured Hartlepool, support from Spain never arrived.
• Reasons the revolt failed

  • Support from Spain never arrived
  • Many northern landowners especially those in Lancashire and Cheshire remained loyal to Elizabeth.
  • Many landowners didn't want to risk losing wealth gained from the dissolution of the monasteries under Henry VIII by backing a failed revolt.
• The Revolts significance

  • it showed Mary Queen Of Scots could not be trusted and she remained in prison
  • The pope excommunicated Elizabeth and called on loyal Catholics to remove her. This encouraged further catholic plots against her.
  • The loyalty of England's Catholics was now in doubt, forcing the government to take harsh steps against them.
  • Elizabeth's control over the north of England was strengthened.