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Paper 1
Atomic structure & radioactivity
Radioactivity
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Cards (17)
What is meant by radioactive decay?
It is the process of
unstable
nuclei
giving
out
radiation
.
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How many types of nuclear radiation are there?
Four
types
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What are isotopes?
Atoms of the same
element
with different
neutrons
.
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Why do some isotopes undergo radioactive decay?
To become
stable
by
emitting
radiation
.
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What is the symbol for activity in radioactive decay?
Bq
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How is activity measured?
In
becquerels
(Bq), as
decays
per
second
.
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What device is used to measure the activity of a radioactive source?
Geiger-Müller
tube
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What is the count rate in radioactivity?
Number of
decays
recorded each
second
.
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What is the difference between count rate and activity?
Count rate includes
background radiation
effects.
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What is an alpha particle composed of?
Two
protons
and two
neutrons
.
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What is the relationship between an alpha particle and a helium atom?
An alpha particle is the
nucleus
of helium.
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What is a beta particle?
An
electron
ejected from the
nucleus
.
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How is a beta particle formed?
When a
neutron
changes into a
proton
and electron.
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What type of radiation is a gamma ray?
A type of
electromagnetic
radiation.
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What is the fourth type of radiation emitted by unstable nuclei?
A
neutron
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What are the four types of nuclear radiation?
Alpha
particles
Beta
particles
Gamma rays
Neutrons
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What are the key points about radioactive decay?
Unstable
nuclei
emit
radiation
Process is
random
and unpredictable
Measured in
becquerels
(Bq)
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