variation and evolution

Cards (25)

  • What can lead to huge variation between individuals?
    Differences in genes and environment
  • What is the process that can lead to the evolution of new species?
    Natural selection
  • What do we call the differences among individuals in a population?
    Variation
  • What describes the observable characteristics of an individual?
    Phenotype
  • What two factors interact to determine a phenotype?
    Genes and environment
  • What do genes code for?
    Proteins
  • What is a genome?
    All of an organism's genes combined
  • Who has a unique genome apart from identical twins?
    Everyone in the world
  • How can identical twins differ in height?
    Due to differences in diet and sleep
  • What can cause skin color differences in identical twins?
    Exposure to sunlight
  • What influences most of our traits?
    Interaction of genes and environmental factors
  • What is a mutation?
    A change in the DNA code
  • What is the effect of most mutations on phenotypes?
    They don't change the phenotype
  • What can beneficial mutations do?
    Make individuals more resistant to diseases
  • Who proposed the idea of survival of the fittest?
    Charles Darwin
  • What did Darwin notice about certain traits?
    They were passed on from parent to child
  • What is natural selection?
    Process where fittest individuals survive
  • What does evolution describe?
    Inheritance of characteristics over generations
  • What does the theory of evolution imply about current species?
    They evolved from different species in the past
  • How long ago did simple life forms first develop?
    More than 3 billion years ago
  • What evidence supports Darwin's theory of evolution?
    Development of antibiotic resistance in bacteria
  • What do fossil records provide evidence for?
    Evolution over time
  • What is the summary of evolution through natural selection?
    • Evolution occurs through natural selection
    • Genetic changes lead to advantageous phenotypes
    • Over time, populations may become distinct
    • New species can form when interbreeding is impossible
  • What happens when two populations can no longer interbreed?
    A new species is formed
  • What is the significance of the phrase "survival of the fittest"?
    It highlights the role of advantageous traits