The brain and neuropsychology

• What is the brain primarily made up of?

  Nerves that process information
• What is a hemisphere in relation to the brain?

  Half of the brain
• What is the cerebrum responsible for?

  Higher processing functions
• What is the cortex?

  The outer layer of the brain
• What does the spinal cord connect?

  The brain to the rest of the body
• What is the function of the brainstem?

  Connects spinal cord to upper brain
• What are reflexes?

  Automatic actions without conscious thought
• What is the frontal lobe responsible for?

  Decision-making and impulse control
• What will you learn about the structure of the human brain?

  • The location of the temporal, occipital, frontal, and parietal lobes
  • Their functions
  • The location and function of the cerebellum
• How much does the human brain weigh?

  Approximately 1.4 kg
• Why is the brain carefully structured?

  To fit complex functions in limited space
• What are gyri and sulci?

  Gyri are bumps; sulci are creases
• How does the brain communicate with the body?

  Through the spinal cord
• What role does the motor cortex play?

  Controls voluntary movements
• What does the temporal lobe help with?

  Hearing and understanding sounds
• What is the function of the parietal lobe?

  Understanding the world around us
• What does the occipital lobe primarily deal with?

  Our ability to see
• What is the cerebellum's role?

  Movement, coordination, and balance
• What does modern research suggest about brain functionality?

  Functionality is more dispersed than believed
• What are the key areas of the brain and their functions?

  • Frontal lobe: Decision-making, impulse control
  • Temporal lobe: Hearing, understanding sounds
  • Parietal lobe: Perception, touch sensations
  • Occipital lobe: Vision processing
  • Cerebellum: Movement, coordination, balance
• What is lateralisation of function?

  Different jobs done by each hemisphere
• What does asymmetrical mean in the context of the brain?

  The two hemispheres have different functions
• What is the corpus callosum?

  A bundle of nerve fibres connecting hemispheres
• How do the hemispheres control body functions?

  Each hemisphere controls opposite body functions
• What role does Broca's area play?

  Controls production of speech
• What happens if Broca's area is damaged?

  Difficulty in producing speech
• What does the right hemisphere control?

  Spatial awareness and face recognition
• What are the differences in behavior between males and females?

  • Males may prefer physical activities
  • Females may prefer social interactions
  • Differences often highlighted in media
• What is the significance of the corpus callosum?

  Facilitates communication between hemispheres
• What might happen if the corpus callosum is damaged?

  Disruption in communication between hemispheres
• What is the impact of living without a corpus callosum?

  Variety of behavioral symptoms
• How can brain lateralisation explain differences in behavior?

  Different hemispheres may influence preferences
• What is spatial awareness?

  The ability to navigate our environment
• What is the role of the left hemisphere in language?

  Processes language and speech production
• What happens when auditory information is processed?

  It is shared between both hemispheres
• What is the relationship between the left ear and the right hemisphere?

  Right hemisphere processes information from left ear
• What is the effect of damage to the left hemisphere?

  Problems with language and speech
• What is the effect of damage to the right hemisphere?

  Problems with spatial awareness and recognition
• What is the role of the auditory cortex?

  Controls hearing and sound processing
• What is the significance of the central sulcus?

  Separates frontal lobe from parietal lobes