Classification of skill

• What are closed skills?

  Skills not affected by the environment
• How are closed skills typically characterized?

  They are self-paced and occur in fixed situations
• In what type of situation do closed skills occur?

  In fixed or predictable situations
• What does a performer do when executing closed skills?

  Uses the same technique every time
• What are open skills affected by?

  The environment
• What type of skills are mainly perceptual and externally paced?

  Open skills
• When do open skills occur?

  When performers adapt to a changing environment
• What is a key characteristic of open skills regarding control?

  The performer is not in control of what happens next
• How do open skills differ from closed skills in terms of environmental influence?

  Open skills are influenced by the environment
• What are self-paced skills controlled by?

  The performer
• When does the performer decide to execute a skill?

  When they choose to, such as in athletics
• What does a 100 m sprinter control during their run?

  The rate at which they run
• What aspect of their action does a 100 m sprinter have total control over?

  The timing of their own action
• How does the control of self-paced skills differ from other types of skills?

  Self-paced skills are controlled by the performer
• What are externally paced skills controlled by?

  The environment
• What do externally paced skills include?

  A decision and a reaction
• Who typically controls the rate of performance in externally paced skills?

  The opponent
• In football, what decision might a centre forward make when a defender closes them down?

  To shoot or pass
• Where do externally paced skills tend to be on the environmental continuum?

  • Towards the open end
  • Influenced by external factors
• Why does a goalkeeper in handball jump high and left?

  They perceive the ball is thrown that way
• How does a goalkeeper's response in handball differ from a self-directed choice?

  They respond to the environment
• What do basic skills form the foundation of?

  More complex skills
• What do basic skills not include?

  Complicated movements
• Are basic skills specific to one sport?

  No, they are generic to many sports
• Why do sportspeople need to master basic skills?

  To attempt more complex skills
• What are complex skills characterized by?

  High levels of coordination and control
• Why are complex skills considered more difficult?

  They involve complicated movements and coordination
• Are complex skills usually sport-specific?

  Yes, they are usually sport-specific
• What do gross skills involve?

  Large muscle movements
• How are gross skills characterized?

  By being performed by large muscle groups
• Can you name some fundamental movement patterns that are gross skills?

  Walking, running, jumping, throwing
• What do fine skills involve?

  Precise movements using small muscle groups
• How are fine skills characterized?

  By great detail and high hand-eye coordination
• What are the key characteristics of fine skills?

  • Involve precise movements
  • Utilize small muscle groups
  • Require high levels of hand-eye coordination
  • Performed with great detail
• Information process

  Input —> decision making —> output —> feedback —>