Chapter 12

• The factors that affect reaction rates include: temperature, Concentration of reactants, catalysts, nature of reactants and nature of solvents.
• Catalysts are used then formed
• Intermediates are formed then consumed
• Activation energy (Ea) is the minimum amount of energy required for two particles to undergo a collision resulting in a chemical reaction.
• Increasing concentration increases the frequency of collisions, leading to an increase in the rate of reaction.
• Increasing concentration increases rate because there will be more collisions between particles.
• Decreasing activation energy leads to more frequent successful collisions between molecules, increasing the rate of reaction.