Meiosis

• What type of organisms reproduce by meiosis?

  Bacteria, some plants, and some animals
• What is meiosis?

  • Formation of four non-identical cells
  • Occurs in reproductive organs
  • Produces gametes with one copy of each chromosome
• How many cells are formed from one cell during meiosis?

  Four cells
• What happens to the genetic information during meiosis?

  The cell makes copies, doubling genetic information
• How many chromosomes does each cell have after the first division of meiosis?

  46 chromosomes
• What is the chromosome count in each gamete after meiosis?

  Each gamete has 23 chromosomes
• Why are gametes genetically different from each other?

  Chromosomes are shuffled during meiosis
• What happens to gametes during fertilization?

  They join to produce a cell with 46 chromosomes
• What process does the fertilized cell undergo to produce many copies?

  Mitosis
• What occurs after the fertilized cell divides by mitosis?

  • More cells are produced
  • An embryo forms
  • Cells begin to differentiate into roles
• What is the normal number of chromosomes in a fertilized cell?

  46 chromosomes
• What is differentiation in the context of embryonic development?

  Cells take on different roles