Subterranean Values & Drift

• Who presents the functionalist alternative to subcultural theories?

  Matza
• What does Matza suggest about "delinquent" values?

  We all share them but suppress them
• When are people more likely to commit crime according to Matza?

  When they are young
• How does Matza describe people's behavior in relation to conformity and deviance?

  People can "drift" between both
• What evidence does Matza provide for subterranean values?

  People seek to "neutralise" their deviant acts
• What do people do if they believe their deviant behavior is appropriate?

  They do not seek to justify it
• What are "techniques of neutralisation" according to Matza?

  Methods to justify deviant behavior
• What criticism is made about the "techniques of neutralisation"?

  They may be excuses to avoid punishment
• What is suggested about a criminal's awareness of societal norms?

  They can be aware without sharing beliefs
• What does Matza argue about socialization into norms and values?

  People are socialized into the value consensus
• How does Matza's view differ from the idea of minority norms and values?

  He believes in shared values across society