Data structures: arrays, records, lists, tuples

• What is a data structure?

  A way to organize and manage data
• What is the purpose of a record in data structures?

  To store multiple fields like name and age
• How is an array described in terms of data structure?

  Like a numbered list for ordered data
• What are the types of data structures mentioned?

  • Array
  • Record
  • List
  • Tuple
• What is a list in the context of data structures?

  A structure that holds items in any order
• How do arrays and lists differ in data structure usage?

  Arrays store ordered data, lists allow any order
• How is a tuple defined in data structures?

  A fixed set of values ensuring data doesn't change
• What is the main characteristic that distinguishes a tuple from a list?

  A tuple has a fixed set of values
• What are the key characteristics of arrays?

  • Ordered storage
  • Direct access using index
  • Fixed size
  • Homogeneous data
• What is an array?

  A data structure storing elements in sequence
• How are elements stored in an array?

  In a specific order
• What is the purpose of a record (struct)?

  To group related pieces of information
• What is a common feature of the size of an array?

  It is usually fixed
• What does direct access in arrays allow you to do?

  Access any element using its index
• What is another name for a record in programming?

  Struct
• What identifies each element in an array?

  An index
• How would you access the first element of the array [85, 92, 78, 95, 80]?

  Using index 0
• How does the fixed size of an array affect its usage?

  Limits the number of elements it can store
• What does the field name `age` represent in the student record?

  The student's age
• How would you define a student's profile using a record?

  • Use field names for attributes
  • Example:

  ```

  student = {

  name: "Alice",

  age: 18,

  grade: 95

  }

  ```
• What type of data do most arrays store?

  Homogeneous data
• How does a record differ from an array?

  Records use field names, arrays use indices
• What does the field name `grade` represent in the student record?

  The student's grade percentage
• What does the append operation do in a list?

  Adds an item to the end of the list
• How can you access a specific field in a record?

  Using the syntax `record.fieldName`
• What does the remove operation do in a list?

  Deletes an item by its value
• What does a record use to access specific information?

  Field names
• How does the index operation function in a list?

  Retrieves an item using its position
• What does it mean for a list to have a dynamic size?

  You can add or remove items easily
• What are the key characteristics of tuples?

  • Ordered storage
  • Direct access via index
  • Fixed size
  • Can hold different data types
• What is a tuple in programming?

  An ordered collection of elements
• What is a list in programming?

  A data structure that stores elements in sequence
• What are the characteristics of a list?

  Ordered, mixed data types, dynamic size
• What does it mean that a tuple is immutable?

  Its contents cannot be changed once created
• What is the purpose of the pop operation in a list?

  Removes an item from the end of the list
• Can a tuple hold different data types?

  Yes, it can hold different data types
• How do you define a tuple in Python?

  Using parentheses, e.g., (1, "hello")
• What will happen if you try to add an element to a defined tuple?

  An error will occur
• How does the insert operation work in a list?

  Adds an item at a specific position
• How does a tuple differ from a list in Python?

  Tuples are immutable, while lists are mutable