The human body

• The Body is the most amazing and miraculous living machine in the universe, capable of growth, self repair and reproduction as a result of the monitoring power of the human brain. It is made up of thousands of parts of various sizes and shapes that work together in an organized manner, each of which have specific functions working together to keep as alive.
• Cell

  • Are the building blocks of the body, and the basic unit of life. They are the smallest structure of the body that carries out complex processes. It varies is size, shape, color and other depending upon its function.
• 2. Tissues

  • Are group of cells organized into layer or masses that have common function.
• Epithelial Tissue – Covers the body surface and form the lining for most internal cavities. Epithelial cells reproduce readily, that is why it heals rapidly as new cells. The major function of epithelial tissue:

  a)Protection b) Secretion

  c) Absorption d) Filtration

  Ex. Skin is made up of epithelial tissue which protects the body from dirt, dust, bacteria and other microbes may be harmful.
• Connective tissue - Is the most abundant and most widely distributed of the tissues. Connective tissues perform a variety of function including Support and Protection.

  Example of Connective tissue

  1. Fat tissue 2. Dense fibrous tissue

  4. Bone 5. Blood 6. Lymph
• Skeletal muscle- Is a voluntary type of muscle tissue that is used in the contraction of skeletal part.
• Smooth Muscle- Is a involuntary type of muscle tissue. It is found in the walls of internal organs and blood vessels.
• Cardiac muscle- Is a involuntary in nature. It is found only in the walls of the heart.
• Nervous Tissue - Is composed of specialized cells which not only receive stimuli but also conduct impulses to and from all parts of the body.

  • Nerve cells or neurons are long and string like.
• ORGANS

  • Are group of different tissues that form a complex structure with specialized functions like the Skin, skeleton, stomach, heart, kidneys, intestine, muscles, brain, blood, lungs, lymph node
• SYSTEMS

  • Are group of organ that work together to perform important jobs for the body.
• Skeletal System- Function: Provides, supports, and protection for other tissues, stores calcium and minerals, forms blood cells Major organ: bones, cartilage and bone marrow. (Diagram)
• 2. Muscular System- Function: provides movement, provides protection for other tissues, generates heat that maintain body temperature.

  Major Organ: Skeletal muscle and tendons (diagram)
• 3. Respiratory System- Function: Deliver air to alveoli (sites in lungs where gas exchange occurs), Provides oxygen to blood stream, removes carbondioxide in to the bloodstream, produces sounds for communication.

  Major organ: Nasal cavities, sinuses, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs and alveoli (Diagram)
• 4. Cardio Vascular System- Function: Distributes blood from cells, water and dissolved materials including nutrients, waste products, oxygen and carbondioxide

  Major organ: Heart, Blood, Blood vessels (Diagram)
• 5. Digestive system- Function: Process and digest foods, absorbs and conserves water, absorbs nutrients, stores energy reserves major organ: Teeth, Tounge, Pharynx, Esophagus, Stomach, Small Intestine, Large intestine, Liver, gallbladders, and pancreas (Diagram)
• 6. Integumentary System- Function: Protects against environmental hazards, Helps regulate body temperature, provides sensory information

  Major organ: Skin, Hair, Sweat glands, Nails(Diagram)
• 7. Urinary System- Function: Excretes waste products from the blood, Controls water balance by regulating volume of urine produced, stores urine prior to voluntary elimination. Regulates blood ion concentration and pH

  Major organs: Kidney, Ureters, Urinary bladder, urethra (Diagram)
• 8. Reproductive System- function Male: Produces male sex cells (Sperm), Suspending fluids and hormones, sexual intercourse

  Function female: Produces females sex cells ( oocytes) and hormone

  Major organ male: testes, epididymides, ductus deferentia, seminal vesicles, prostate glands, penis, scrotum (Diagram Male) Female: Ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, vagina, labia, clitoris, mammary glands (diagram F)
• 9. Nervous System- Function: Directs immediate responses to stimuli, coordinate or moderates activities of

  Major organ: Brain, Spinal cord, Peripheral views, sense organs (Diagram)
• 10. Lymphatic System- Function: Defends against infection and disease , return tissue fluids to the blood stream.

  Major organ: Spleen, thymus, lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, tonsils (Diagram)
• 11. Endocrine System- Function: direct long term changes in the activities, adjust metabolic activity and energy use by the body, controls many structural and functional changes during development

  Major organ: Pituitary glands, Thyroid glands, Pancreas, Adrenal Glands, Gonads, Endocrine tissues in other system (Diagram)