Ionic compounds

• An ionic compound is made up of charged particles, called ions, with a giant lattice structure and strong electrostatic forces of attraction.
• An ion is an electrically charged particle, formed when an atom or molecule gains or loses electrons.
• An atom is the smallest part of an element that can exist or a group of atoms with a positive or negative charge.
• Charge is a property of matter that causes a force when near another charge, and it comes in two forms, positive and negative.
• A negative charge causes a repulsive force on a neighbouring negative charge.
• An electron is a subatomic particle with a negative charge and a negligible mass relative to protons and neutrons, used to obtain a full outer shell: metal.
• A metal is a shiny element that is a good conductor of electricity and heat, and which forms basic oxides when atoms lose electrons to form positively charged ions.
• A non-metal is an element that is a poor conductor of electricity and heat, and which forms acidic oxides when atoms gain electrons to form negatively charged ions.
• Protons have a relative charge of +1.
• Electrons are more tightly bound to electrons in ions than in atoms, so ions formed have full outer shells.
• The outer shells of non-metal atoms gain electrons when they form ions, resulting in negative ions because they have more electrons than protons.
• For elements in groups 6 and 7, the charge on the ion is equal to (8 minus group number).
• An oxygen atom gains two electrons to form an oxide ion.
• The charge on the ions of sulfur, a non-metal, is negative, since sulfur is a non-metal.
• The charge on the ions of iodine, a non-metal, is negative, since iodine is a non-metal.
• An ionic compound is made up of charged particles, called ions, with a giant lattice structure and strong electrostatic forces of attraction.
• Charge is a property of matter that causes a force when near another charge, and it comes in two forms, positive and negative.
• A negative charge causes a repulsive force on a neighbouring negative charge.
• Ions form when atoms lose or gain electrons.
• An electron is a subatomic particle with a negative charge and a negligible mass relative to protons and neutrons, used to obtain a full outer shell: metal.
• A metal is a shiny element that is a good conductor of electricity and heat, and which forms basic oxides when atoms lose electrons to form positively charged ions.
• A non-metal is an element that is a poor conductor of electricity and heat, and which forms acidic oxides when atoms gain electrons to form negatively charged ions.
• Protons have a relative charge of +1.
• Ions formed by elements in groups 1, 2 and 3 lose the same number of electrons as the group number.
• A sodium atom loses one electron to form a sodium ion.
• For elements in groups 6 and 7, the charge on the ion is equal to (8 minus group number).
• An oxygen atom gains two electrons to form an oxide ion.
• Ions are formed by the transfer of electrons.
• The charge on the ions of sulfur, a non-metal, is negative, since sulfur is a non-metal.
• The charge on the ions of iodine, a non-metal, is negative, since iodine is a non-metal.
• The charge on the ion is (8 - 7) = 1.