photosynthesis

• Photosynthesis is the process by which plants produce their own chemical energy by combining light energy, carbon dioxide, water, and chlorophyll.
• Carbon dioxide, water, and light energy are the essential requirements for photosynthesis.
• Chlorophyll is a crucial component of photosynthesis.
• Plants produce glucose as a product of photosynthesis.
• Glucose can be converted into energy used for respiration or it can be converted into starch, a storage carbohydrate.
• Cellulose is a structural carbohydrate used in cell walls and is a product of photosynthesis.
• Glucose is the fate of sugar in photosynthesis.
• Photosynthesis occurs in two stages: Light reactions and Carbon fixation.
• Light reactions require light energy from the sun to split water into hydrogen and oxygen.
• Carbon dioxide diffuses into the cell and combines with hydrogen from stage 1 with the help of ATP to produce sugar.
• Glucose is a type of carbohydrate.
• Chlorophyll is a green pigment found in plants.
• Chemical energy is a form of energy stored in chemical bonds.
• Chloroplast is a component of plant cells.
• Light energy is a form of energy that is emitted or absorbed by light waves.
• Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions.
• Starch is a type of carbohydrate.
• Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas.
• Water is a substance that is essential for life.
• Carbohydrate is a type of macronutrient.
• Oxygen is a gas that is essential for life.
• Photosynthesis is a process that converts light energy into chemical energy.
• Light energy from the sun is trapped by chlorophyll in chloroplasts and is converted into chemical energy which is used to generate ATP.
• Water is split to produce hydrogen and oxygen during light reactions.
• Plants use glucose for respiration, which is either stored as starch or used for cellulose to make cell walls.
• A limiting factor slows down or stops the rate of a process because it is in short supply.
• The three limiting factors are: Light intensity, Carbon dioxide concentration, and Temperature.
• Increasing the light intensity has no affect on the rate of photosynthesis.
• In dim conditions, plants will photosynthesise more slowly than in bright conditions because the more light there is, the more energy is available for photosynthesis to happen.
• Carbon dioxide concentration can also limit the rate of photosynthesis as it is a raw material.
• Most plant enzymes are denatured at about 45°C, so photosynthesis stops and the rate falls to zero.
• Temperature is also a limiting factor for photosynthesis.
• If we keep increasing the temperature, the enzymes eventually denature due to excessive heat, which is why the graph shows a decrease in the rate of photosynthesis as the temperature increases.
• Algal Balls experiment is an example of how commercial growers improve crop yield.
• Oxygen diffuses from the cell during light reactions.
• Carbon dioxide, water, and light energy are the essential requirements for photosynthesis.
• Chlorophyll is a crucial component of photosynthesis.
• Plants produce glucose as a product of photosynthesis.
• Glucose can be converted into energy used for respiration or it can be converted into starch, a storage carbohydrate.
• Cellulose is a structural carbohydrate used in cell walls and is a product of photosynthesis.