A03

• What is the theoretical basis of research into media influence on gender roles?

  It has a theoretical basis.
• What does cultivation theory argue about media consumption?

  The more time spent in media, the more reality is believed.
• What correlation did Bond and Drogos (2014) find regarding Jersey Shore?

  Positive correlation with permissive attitudes towards casual sex.
• What factors did researchers control for in Bond and Drogos' study?

  Existing sexual attitudes, parental attitudes, and religious beliefs.
• What does the study by Bond and Drogos suggest about media's effect on gender behavior?

  Media cultivates perception of reality affecting gender behavior.
• What is one limitation of gender roles and media research?

  There may not be a causal relationship.
• What does Kevin Durkin (1985) argue about young children and media messages?

  Children are not passive and uncritical recipients.
• What may be a bigger determinant of a child's gender attitudes according to Durkin?

  Norms within the child's family.
• What happens if media representations confirm existing family gender norms?

  They are likely to be reinforced in the child's mind.
• What happens if media representations do not confirm family gender norms?

  Such representations are likely to be rejected.
• What are the key points of cultivation theory in relation to media and gender roles?

  • More media consumption leads to belief in media reality.
  • Positive correlation found with permissive sexual attitudes.
  • Media influences perceptions of gender behavior.
• What are the limitations of media influence on gender roles?

  • Lack of causal relationship.
  • Children are not passive recipients.
  • Family norms may outweigh media influence.