A03

• What is one strength of Eysenck's theory?

  Evidence supports the criminal personality
• What did Sybil and Hans Eysenck compare in their study?

  Scores of prisoners and controls on EPQ
• What were the findings regarding prisoners' scores on extraversion, neuroticism, and psychoticism?

  Prisoners scored higher than controls
• How do the findings of Eysenck's study relate to his theory?

  They support the theory's predictions
• What did David Farrington et al. (1982) find in their meta-analysis?

  Offenders score high on psychoticism only
• What inconsistency did Küssner (2017) report regarding Eysenck's theory?

  Differences in EEG measures between personality types
• What does the inconsistency in EEG measures suggest about Eysenck's theory?

  It challenges the physiological basis of the theory
• What limitation does Eysenck's theory have regarding offending behavior?

  It oversimplifies the role of personality traits
• Who distinguished between adolescence-limited and life-course-persistent offending behavior?

  Terrie Moffitt
• What did Moffitt argue about personality traits and offending behavior?

  They poorly predict the duration of offending
• What does Moffitt suggest influences persistence in offending behavior?

  Interaction between personality and environment
• What cultural limitation does Eysenck's theory have?

  It does not account for cultural factors
• Who studied Hispanic and African-American offenders in New York?

  Curt Bartol and Howard Holanchock
• What did Bartol and Holanchock find about the offenders' extraversion levels?

  They were less extravert than controls
• What does Bartol and Holanchock's finding suggest about Eysenck's theory?

  It questions the generalizability of the theory
• What are the key criticisms of Eysenck's theory regarding criminal personality?

  • Evidence is inconsistent for extraversion and neuroticism
  • Oversimplifies offending behavior to personality traits
  • Fails to consider cultural factors in criminal personality
• How does Moffitt's view of offending behavior differ from Eysenck's perspective?

  • Moffitt distinguishes between types of offending
  • Emphasizes interaction of personality and environment
  • Suggests personality traits alone are poor predictors