Presentation of quad data

• What is one way of representing data?

  In the form of a summary table
• What do tables in the results section of a report represent?

  Converted descriptive statistics, not raw scores
• What are the mean and standard deviation for the SpeedUpp condition?

  • Mean: 119
  • Standard deviation: 53.8
• What are the mean and standard deviation for the water condition?

  • Mean: 96
  • Standard deviation: 35.8
• What does a higher standard deviation indicate in the SpeedUpp condition?

  More variability in participant scores
• What conclusion can be drawn from the mean values of the two conditions?

  Energy drink leads to more words spoken
• What is the purpose of a summary paragraph beneath a table?

  • Explain the numbers
  • Draw conclusions from the data
• What type of data is best represented by a bar chart?

  Data divided into categories (discrete data)
• How are the categories represented on a bar chart?

  On the horizontal x-axis
• What does the y-axis represent in a bar chart?

  The frequency or amount of each category
• How do histograms differ from bar charts?

  Bars touch in histograms, indicating continuous data
• What does the x-axis in a histogram represent?

  Equal-sized intervals of a single category
• What does the y-axis in a histogram represent?

  The frequency within each interval
• What happens if there is a zero frequency for an interval in a histogram?

  The interval remains without a bar
• What do scattergrams depict?

  Associations between co-variables
• What shape does a normal distribution form?

  A bell-shaped curve
• Where are most items located in a normal distribution?

  In the middle area of the curve
• What do the mean, median, and mode represent in a normal distribution?

  They all occupy the same midpoint
• What do the tails of a normal distribution indicate?

  More extreme scores are theoretically possible
• What is a positive skew in a distribution?

  Most data is concentrated on the left
• How does a positive skew affect the measures of central tendency?

  The mean is pulled to the right
• What happens to the mode in a positive skew?

  It remains at the highest point of the peak
• What is a negative skew in a distribution?

  Most data is concentrated on the right
• How does a negative skew affect the measures of central tendency?

  The mean is pulled to the left
• What happens to the mode in a negative skew?

  It dissects the highest peak of the distribution