Aerobic and Anaerobic respiration

• What is respiration?

  A chemical process that releases energy from glucose
• Why is respiration important for living cells?

  It provides energy for essential life processes
• What molecule stores energy released during respiration?

  ATP (adenosine triphosphate)
• What functions does ATP support in cells?

  Muscle contraction, active transport, and more
• Where does aerobic respiration occur?

  In the mitochondria of cells
• What is the definition of aerobic respiration?

  The complete breakdown of glucose using oxygen
• How much energy does aerobic respiration produce?

  About 38 ATP molecules per glucose molecule
• Why is aerobic respiration considered important?

  It provides a long-term energy supply
• What are the waste products of aerobic respiration?

  Carbon dioxide and water
• What happens during anaerobic respiration in animals?

  Glucose is partially broken down, releasing less energy
• Where does anaerobic respiration occur in cells?

  In the cytoplasm of cells
• What is produced during anaerobic respiration in animals?

  Lactic acid
• What causes muscle fatigue during anaerobic respiration?

  Build-up of lactic acid in muscles
• What is oxygen debt?

  The extra oxygen needed to remove lactic acid
• How is lactic acid removed from the body?

  Transported to the liver for conversion
• What happens to heart rate during oxygen debt recovery?

  Heart rate remains high to deliver oxygen
• What is fermentation in yeast?

  Anaerobic respiration producing ethanol and carbon dioxide
• Why is fermentation useful in industries?

  It helps in bread-making and brewing
• Compare aerobic and anaerobic respiration in terms of energy released.

  • Aerobic Respiration: High energy (38 ATP)
  • Anaerobic Respiration: Low energy (2 ATP)
• What are the key differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

  • Oxygen required:
  • Aerobic: Yes
  • Anaerobic: No
  • Location:
  • Aerobic: Mitochondria
  • Anaerobic: Cytoplasm
  • Waste products:
  • Aerobic: CO₂ + H₂O
  • Anaerobic: Lactic acid (animals), Ethanol + CO₂ (plants & yeast)
• Why is respiration essential for survival?

  • Provides energy for all life processes
  • Aerobic respiration is more efficient
  • Anaerobic respiration allows survival in low oxygen
  • Fermentation is useful in food and drink production
• What are the long-term effects of anaerobic respiration?

  • Lactic acid buildup leads to muscle fatigue
  • Short-term energy supply only
• How does the body pay back oxygen debt after exercise?

  1. Heavy breathing continues to take in oxygen
  2. Heart rate remains high to deliver oxygen
  3. Lactic acid is transported to the liver
• What are the waste products of anaerobic respiration in plants and yeast?

  • Ethanol
  • Carbon dioxide
• What is the significance of lactic acid in anaerobic respiration?

  • Causes muscle fatigue
  • Must be removed post-exercise
• What is the role of mitochondria in aerobic respiration?

  • Site of aerobic respiration
  • Contains enzymes for glucose breakdown
• What is the importance of ATP in cellular functions?

  • Provides energy for muscle contraction
  • Supports active transport and metabolic processes
• How does anaerobic respiration differ in plants and yeast compared to animals?

  • Produces ethanol and carbon dioxide
  • Occurs during fermentation