Module 3

• One past but many histories: controversies and conflicting views in Philippine history
• The first mass was in Masao, Butuan.
• Rizal did not retract.
• The cry of rebellion was "Cry in Balintawak".
• Site of the First Mass
• Cavite Mutiny
• Retraction of Rizal
• Cry of Balintawak or Pugadlawin
• Demonstrate the ability to use primary sources that will enable them to argue in favor or against a particular issue
• Students will be able to interpret historical events using primary sources
• Students will be able to recognize the multiplicity of interpretation that can be read from a historical text
• Students will be able to identify the advantages and disadvantages of employing critical tools in interpreting historical events through primary sources
• Students will be able to demonstrate ability to argue for or against a particular issue using primary sources
• Study the past if you would define the future.
• Colin's error in identifying the island where he had dealings with Rajah Siagu as Limasawa is explained by the author's error.
• The "Voyage" of Pigafetta and the diary of Albo, both eyewitnesses, provide evidence for the site of the first Mass in the Philippines.
• The "re-discovery" of Pigafetta's account and Albo's log is not unwarranted as these works had been published earlier and were available in the great libraries, but were not well known to many people.
• Rizal, a well-read scholar and bibliographer, apparently did not take into consideration Pigafetta's work when preparing his editions of Martinez de Zuñiga and of Combes.
• Pigafetta's work may be little known, as illustrated from the experience of Rizal.
• Rizal had not known of Pigafetta's work until he came across the Italian text in the British Museum.
• Rizal wrote to "Plaridel" (Marcelo H. del Pilar) from London on 4 February 1889, suggesting that someone in Spain should learn Italian, as he had some manuscripts in Italian that dealt with the first coming of the Spaniards to the Philippines.
• The evidence in favour of Limasawa includes the evidence of Albo's Logbook, Pigafetta's testimony regarding the route, Pigafetta's map, the two native kings, and the seven days at "Mazaua".
• Context is what gives meaning to the details.
• Cause is the action that creates an outcome, context is the environment in which action and outcome occurs.
• Historical context is important when interpreting behavior and speech.
• No work of literature can be fully appreciated or understood without historical context.
• What may seem nonsensical or even offensive to contemporary sensibilities, might actually be interpreted in a completely different manner by considering the era it is from.
• Scholars and educators rely on historical context to analyze and interpret works of art, literature, music, dance, and poetry.
• Architects and builders rely on historical context when designing new structures and restoring existing buildings.
• Judges may use historical context to interpret the law, historians to understand the past.
• Any critical analysis requires considering historical context.
• Historical context is necessary to fully understand the influence of the time and place in which a situation occurred.
• Interpretations are thoughtful efforts to represent and explain past events.
• Interpretations include three vital elements: purposeful, thoughtful efforts; representations; and past events.
• Interpretations are the reflections of those of us studying the past, not of the participants in those events.
• The views of participants from the past constitute our primary sources or historical evidence.
• Perspective refers to the point of view of the writer who was a witness to the event.
• Non-textual circumstances that affected the creation and reception of the text include historical or political events, economic factors, cultural practices, and intellectual or aesthetic issues, as well as the particular circumstances of the author's life.
• Interpretation is the act of explaining, reframing, or otherwise showing your own understanding of something.
• Historical interpretation is the process by which we describe, analyze, evaluate, and create an explanation of past events.