A01

• Aim?

  -Rutter (2010) was investigating whether or not the effects of institutionalisation could be reversed with loving and nurturing care
• What was the method

  -longitudinal study incorporating a quasi experiment
• How many orphans were there and how were they assessed

  -165 and they were assessed including head circumference height and cognitive functioning before arriving for adoption in Britain
• They were assessed again at ages..

  -4,6,11,15

  -there was also a control group of 52 British adopted children to use as a comparison
• What was condition 1

  -children were adopted before the age of 6 months
• what was condition 2

  -children were adopted between ages of 6 months and 2 years
• what was condition 3

  -children were adopted after 2 years
• What were the findings

  -50% of the romain orphans had low IQ

  -all were underweight (deprivation dwarfism)

  -control group had neither of these issues
• At the age of 11 the mean IQ score for those adopted

  before the age of 6 months was

  -102 compared wit those adopted between 6 months and 2 years who had a mean iq score of 86,those adopeted after 2 years had a mean IQ of 77
• In terms of attachment those adopted after 6 months showed signs of

  -disinhibited attachment form of insecure attachment where a child shows indiscriminate friendliness and attention-seeking behaviour towards strangers as well as familiar people, with little concern for safety or appropriate social boundaries.
• Rutter stated that disinhibited attachment was an adaption to

  -having multiple caregivers during the sensitive period
• Define institutionalisation

  -effects of growing up in orphanage