Chap 4: base and redox

• Metals tend to lose electrons to form positive ions, while non-metals gain electrons to become negative ions.
• Strong acids completely dissociate into hydrogen ions and their conjugate base, while weak acids only partially dissociate.
• Acidic solutions have pH values less than 7, bases (alkaline) solutions have pH values greater than 7, and neutral solutions have pH values equal to 7.
• Bases can be strong or weak depending on how easily they ionize in water.
• Bases neutralize acids by accepting H+ ions from them.
• Alkaline substances have pH values greater than 7.
• Neutral solutions have pH values equal to 7.
• Bases can be classified as strong bases if they ionize completely in water, forming OH- ions, or weak bases if they ionize partially in water.