Introduction

• Karl Marx studied the difference of treatment of rich and poor people during the industrial revolution
• Emile Durkheim fought for sociology to be considered a science
• Max Weber believed that the church and religion was the reason for capitalism
• Primary socialisation is the norms, values and culture taught at childhood, within the family
• Secondary socialisation is the norms and values taught within the wider world
• Norms are informal rules that society commonly follows
• Values are beliefs held by an individual or group
• Culture is a way of life passed down from one generation to another
• Social cohesion is the strength of relationships of members of a community
• Race is a socially constructed term to refer to physical characteristics
• Ethnicity is the term used by modern sociologists to refer to a group of people who share common cultural identity
• Informal social control: how society is kept in order informally (used in the family and education)
• Formal social control: how society is persuaded to conform to the rules by using the law
• Functional prerequisites: the basic needs of society
• Value consensus: beliefs that are held by a particular social group