The Working Memory Model

• Who created the Working Memory Model (WMM)?

  Baddeley & Hitch
• What does the Working Memory Model replace in the Multi-Store Model?

  Short-term memory
• According to the WMM, how does STM function?

  As an active processor handling different information
• Which component of the WMM controls attention and filters sensory information?

  Central Executive
• What is the approximate capacity of the Central Executive?

  About 4 items
• What capability does the Central Executive have regarding tasks?

  It can switch focus between tasks
• Which component of the WMM is responsible for auditory processing?

  Phonological Loop
• What is another name for the Primary Acoustic Store?

  Inner Ear
• Which part of the Phonological Loop uses maintenance rehearsal?

  Articulatory Process
• What is another name for the Articulatory Process?

  Inner Voice
• What is the capacity of the Phonological Loop, as described by the word length effect?

  What can be said in 2 seconds
• Which component of the WMM handles visual processing?

  Visuo-Spatial Sketchpad
• What does the Visual Cache store?

  Form & color
• Which part of the Visuo-Spatial Sketchpad tracks spatial relationships?

  Inner Scribe
• What is the limited capacity of the Visuo-Spatial Sketchpad?

  ~4 objects
• When was the Episodic Buffer added to the WMM?

  2000
• What information does the Episodic Buffer combine?

  CE, VSS, PL, and LTM
• What did Baddeley's dual-task performance research find?

  People perform worse on two visual tasks
• Which components of the WMM are supported by Baddeley's dual-task performance research?

  VSS & PL are separate
• Who conducted the KF case study?

  Shallice & Warrington
• What type of memory impairment did KF have in the Shallice & Warrington study?

  Impaired verbal STM
• What did the KF case study suggest about the PL & VSS?

  PL & VSS are separate
• Why is the WMM considered more accurate than the MSM?

  Explains memory as an active process
• What type of validity is attributed to lab research supporting the WMM?

  Strong internal validity
• Which component of the WMM lacks a full explanation, according to evaluations?

  Central Executive
• What type of validity is questioned due to the artificial tasks used in WMM research?

  Low external validity
• What are cognitive models, such as memory reliant on that could be inaccurate?

  Inferences
• What is the function of STM according to the Working Memory Model?

  An active processor
• What is the function of the Central Executive regarding the sub-systems?

  Directing information to sub-systems
• What process does maintenance rehearsal involve?

  Repetition
• What phenomenon does the Phonological Loop explain?

  Word length effect
• What is the role of the inner scribe?

  Tracks spatial relationships
• In what year was the Episodic Buffer added to the WMM?

  2000
• What do cognitive models rely on?

  Inferences