The Influence on Early Attachment

• According to Bowlby, what do infants develop based on their attachment with their primary caregiver?

  A schema (IWM)
• What does the internal working model (IWM) shape, according to Bowlby?

  Expectations about relationships
• What does the continuity hypothesis suggest about attachment patterns?

  They continue into adulthood
• Who conducted the Love Quiz study?

  Hazan and Shaver
• How many participants completed Hazan and Shaver’s newspaper survey?

  620
• What were the three adult attachment styles identified in Hazan and Shaver's Love Quiz study?

  • Secure (56%) – Balanced closeness and independence.
  • Avoidant (25%) – Avoided intimacy.
  • Anxious/Resistant (19%) – Struggled with independence.
• What did securely attached adults believe in, according to Hazan and Shaver's study?

  Long-lasting love
• What did insecurely attached individuals report more of in Hazan and Shaver's study?

  Loneliness
• What type of relationship was found between childhood and adult attachment styles in Hazan and Shaver's study?

  Correlation
• What can schools do to help children improve their internal working model (IWM), according to practical applications?

  Reduce bullying and loneliness
• What does Hazan and Shaver’s study provide evidence for?

  Link between early and later relationships
• What is a limitation regarding causality in attachment research?

  Correlation, not causation
• What type of data was primarily used in Hazan and Shaver's study?

  Self-report data
• What might influence or bias childhood memories when using self-report data?

  Social desirability bias
• What benefit can schools provide by helping children improve their IWM?

  Aiding relationship stability in adulthood
• What hypothesis does Hazan and Shaver’s study offer support for?

  The continuity hypothesis