Animal Studies of Attachment

• What animal did Lorenz use in his imprinting research?

  Greylag geese
• In Lorenz's study, how were the greylag geese eggs divided?

  Half incubated, half hatched naturally
• What did the goslings imprint on if incubated by Lorenz?

  Lorenz
• In Lorenz's study, what did the goslings imprint on if hatched naturally?

  Their mother
• According to Lorenz, what is the critical period for imprinting in greylag geese?

  32 hours
• According to Lorenz's conclusion, what kind of process is imprinting?

  Biological/evolutionary
• According to Lorenz, what is imprinting based on?

  The first large object seen
• What animals were used in Harlow's research?

  Rhesus monkeys
• In Harlow's study, what did the wire mother provide?

  Food
• In Harlow's study, what did the cloth mother provide?

  Comfort
• In Harlow's study, which mother did the monkeys prefer?

  Cloth mother
• What did monkeys without a cloth mother demonstrate, according to Harlow?

  Stress and later social disorders
• What did Harlow conclude about infant priorities?

  Infants prioritize comfort over food
• What theory did Harlow's research reject?

  "Cupboard love" theory
• Whose work on attachment was influenced by Harlow's research?

  Bowlby's
• What did Harlow's research highlight the importance of?

  Comfort for attachment
• What change in childcare did these studies lead to?

  Encouraging post-birth contact
• What did Lorenz's findings on the critical period support?

  Bowlby's similar theory
• What time frame did Bowlby propose for the critical period?

  6-30 months
• Why can't animal behavior be generalized to humans?

  Different biology and social experiences
• What ethical issue is associated with Harlow's research?

  Caused significant suffering
• Which of the following best describes the main idea of the "cupboard love" theory that Harlow rejected?

  Attachment is based on feeding