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Paper 1
Psychopathology
OCD - Explaining and Treating (biological approach)
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Gando
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Cards (20)
According to the biological approach, what two factors explain OCD?
Faulty
mental processes and inherited
genetic
factors
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What does it mean that OCD is polygenic?
It is influenced by multiple
genes
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What is the function of the SERT gene?
Affects
serotonin
reuptake
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What does the 5HT1-D gene influence?
Serotonin
transport efficiency
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How do low serotonin levels relate to obsessive thoughts?
They cause obsessive thoughts due to reuptake issues
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What area of the brain is linked to impaired decision-making in OCD patients?
Frontal lobes
and
parahippocampal gyrus
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What concordance rate did Nestadt find in identical twins with OCD?
68%
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What does the high concordance rate in twins suggest about OCD?
A
genetic influence
on OCD
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What do genetic explanations provide in relation to OCD?
A
biological
understanding, linking specific genes to OCD
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What did Cromer highlight regarding the causes of OCD?
The role of
environmental factors
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What model does Cromer's research support in relation to OCD?
Diathesis-stress
model
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Why does the involvement of too many candidate genes weaken the genetic explanation of OCD?
It weakens
predictive value
and the
specificity
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How do SSRIs increase serotonin levels?
By slowing down
reuptake
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What do Benzodiazepines enhance in drug-resistant patients?
GABA
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How do Benzodiazepines reduce anxiety?
By enhancing
GABA
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What advantages does drug therapy have over therapies like CBT?
It is
cost-effective
and more convenient
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What did Soomro's meta-analysis find about SSRIs?
Significantly
reduce OCD symptoms compared to
placebos
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What are some common side effects of drug therapy for OCD?
Nausea,
insomnia
, and headaches
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Why might drug therapy alone not be sufficient for treating OCD?
OCD may have
environmental
triggers
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What does the diathesis-stress model suggest about the development of OCD?
A genetic
predisposition
triggered by
environmental
stressors
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