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Paper 1
Psychopathology
Depression - Explaining and Treating (cognitive approach)
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Created by
Gando
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Cards (26)
According to the cognitive approach, what primarily causes depression?
Irrational thoughts
and
maladaptive mental processes
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What does Beck's Negative Triad describe?
Negative views
of
self
, world, and
future
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According to Beck, what do depressed individuals focus on?
Negatives
, ignoring positives
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What are negative self-schemas the result of, according to Beck?
Past
experiences
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Which element of the negative triad results in low self-esteem?
"I am a
failure
"
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Which component of the negative triad contributes to hopelessness?
"The
world
is hard and cold"
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Which component of the negative triad leads to despair?
"Things will
always
turn out badly"
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What does the 'A' stand for in Ellis's ABC model?
Activating Event
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According to Ellis, where do irrational beliefs come from?
Negative activating events
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According to Ellis, what belief exemplifies an irrational belief?
"I must be
perfect
"
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In Ellis's ABC model, what does 'C' stand for?
Consequence
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According to Ellis, where do emotional and behavioral consequences stem from?
Irrational beliefs
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Who conducted research showing negative thinking leads to postpartum depression?
Grazioli
and
Terry
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What was the effectiveness rate of CBT, as shown in studies?
81%
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What emotional states are difficult for the cognitive approach to explain in the context of depression?
Anger
and
mania
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What is a limitation of the cognitive approach to depression?
Fails to account for
rational
depression
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What is the role of the patient in Beck's CBT?
To act as a
scientist
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What does "thought catching" involve in CBT?
Identifying
negative thoughts
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What does the 'D' stand for in Ellis's ABCDE model?
Dispute
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What is the purpose of disputing irrational beliefs in REBT?
To identify their
flaws
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What is the aim of shame-attacking exercises in REBT?
Reduce
irrational thoughts
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What is a key difference between CBT and REBT?
Therapist
directly disputes beliefs in REBT
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What was the effectiveness rate of CBT and drug therapy combined?
86%
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What is an advantage of CBT compared to medication for depression?
Avoids medication
side effects
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What is a disadvantage of CBT as a treatment for depression?
It is
time-consuming
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What is a potential limitation of CBT in treating depression?
Ignores past trauma
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