Borrelia Burgdorferi

• What organism causes Lyme disease?

  Borrelia burgdorferi
• What shape is Borrelia burgdorferi?

  Spiral shaped
• What microscopy technique is used to visualize Borrelia burgdorferi?

  Dark field microscopy
• Where is Borrelia burgdorferi commonly found in the United States?

  Northeastern part
• Through which tick is Borrelia burgdorferi transmitted?

  Ixody's tick
• What is a common characteristic of Exody's deer ticks?

  They are small and hard to spot
• What are the two other pathogens transmitted by Ixodes deer tick?

  Anaplasma and Babesia
• What stain is used to visualize Borrelia burgdorferi?

  Giemsa stain
• What does the bull's-eye rash indicate in Lyme disease?

  Stage one of Lyme disease
• What is the medical term for the bull's-eye rash?

  Erythema migrans
• What symptoms are associated with stage one of Lyme disease?

  Flu-like symptoms
• What does the bell in the image represent in relation to Lyme disease?

  Bells palsy in stage two
• What is a characteristic of Bell's palsy?

  Paralysis of half of the face
• What does the burning car represent in the context of Lyme disease?

  Carditis or inflammation of the heart
• What does the manager blocking the pregnant woman symbolize?

  Atrioventricular block
• What is associated with stage three of Lyme disease?

  Migratory arthritis
• What does the employee scrubbing the floor represent?

  Migratory arthritis in stage three
• What does the water being dumped on the employee's head symbolize?

  Encephalitis or brain infection
• What is the first-line treatment for Lyme disease?

  Doxycycline
• What does the guard with an ammo belt represent?

  Amoxicillin for treatment
• What is the significance of the toy squid held by the girl?

  Cephalosporins like cefuroxime
• What are the three stages of Lyme disease?

  Stage one, stage two, stage three
• What is the complication associated with untreated Lyme disease?

  Arthritis
• What does the rash described in the question stem indicate?

  Erythema migrans from Lyme disease
• Why is the location of the hiking trip significant?

  It indicates exposure to Ixodes tick
• What percentage of Lyme disease patients develop erythema migrans?

  Approximately eighty percent
• Why are options A, B, D, and E considered red herrings?

  They are not associated with Lyme disease
• What does the phrase "migratory arthritis" refer to?

  Joint pain that spreads between joints
• What is the significance of the Appalachian Mountains in the context of Lyme disease?

  They are a common area for Lyme disease
• What does the term "erythema" refer to in medical terminology?

  Redness of the skin
• What is the role of deer and mice in the life cycle of Borrelia burgdorferi?

  They are reservoirs for the organism
• What does the term "carditis" refer to?

  Inflammation of the heart
• What is the significance of the pregnant woman in the context of Lyme disease treatment?

  Amoxicillin is safe for pregnant women
• What does the term "encephalitis" refer to?

  Infection of the brain
• What is the purpose of the exit sign in the imagery?

  To symbolize stage one of Lyme disease
• What does the phrase "general malaise" refer to?

  A feeling of overall discomfort
• What does the term "migratory" imply in the context of arthritis?

  Pain moves from one joint to another
• What is the significance of the dirt bike in the imagery?

  It represents doxycycline treatment
• What does the phrase "first line treatment" refer to?

  The primary recommended treatment option