L3 | NON EXP DESIGN

• SURVEY STUDIES

  • Investigations are conducted through self report
  • Aim: describing characteristics, attitudes, and behaviors as they currently exist in a population
• CATEGORY

  1. Whom the data is collected from
  2. Methods used to collect the data
  3. Time orientation
  4. Purpose or objectives
• WHOM THE DATA IS COLLECTED FROM

  • Sample - representative of the total population
  • Group - can be smaller than mass
  • Mass - larger than a group
• TIME ORIENTATION

  • Retrospective
  • Dependent var. is identified in the present and an attempt to determine the independent var. that occurred in the past
• TIME ORIENTATION

  • CROSS SECTIONAL
  • Data are collected at a single point in time
  • Design requires subjects who are at different points or stages of an experience
  • Subjects are assumed to represent data collected from different time periods
• TIME ORIENTATION

  • LONGITUDINAL
  • Researcher collects data from the same people at different times
• PURPOSE OR OBJECTIVES

  1. Descriptive
  2. Comparative
  3. Correlational
  4. Evaluative
• DESCRIPTIVE

  • Purpose: accurately portraying a population chosen because of specific characteristics
  • Used to determine the extent or direction of attitudes and behaviors
  • Aim: to gather more info on certain characteristics within a particular field of study
• COMPARATIVE

  • Compare and contrast representative samples from 2 or more groups of subjects in relation to certain designated variables that occur in normal conditions
• CORRELATIONAL

  • Used to investigate the direction and magnitude of relationships among variables
  • Designed to study the changes in 1 characteristics which correspond to the changes in / with another
• EVALUATIVE

  • Making a judgment of worth or value
  • Allows the researcher to delineate, obtain, and provide info that is useful for judging decision alternatives
• POPULATION

  • Composed of persons or objects that possess some common characteristics that are of interest to the researcher
• POPULATION

  1. Target population
  2. Accessible population
• TARGET POPULATION

  • Consists of the entire group of people to which the findings generally apply
• ACCESSIBLE POPULATION

  • Specific study population
• PARAMETER

  • Numeric characteristic of a population
• SAMPLE

  • Subset of entire population
  • Serves as the respondents of the study