Specific latent heat

• What happens to particles as a substance is heated?

  Particles gain energy in their kinetic energy store
• What does temperature measure in a substance?

  Average internal energy of all particles
• What occurs during a change in state when heating a substance?

  Energy weakens or breaks forces between particles
• What happens to temperature during a state change?

  Temperature remains constant
• What is the term for energy required to change state without temperature change?

  Latent heat
• What is specific latent heat (SLH)?

  Energy to change 1 kg of substance's state
• What are the two types of specific latent heat?

  Vaporization and fusion
• What does specific latent heat of vaporization refer to?

  Energy change between liquid and gas
• What does specific latent heat of fusion refer to?

  Energy change between solid and liquid
• What happens to the temperature of ice at 0 degrees Celsius when it melts?

  Temperature stays the same
• What is the specific latent heat of fusion for water?

  334,000 joules per kilo
• What is the specific latent heat of vaporization for water?

  2,260,000 joules per kilo
• What happens to the temperature of water at 100 degrees Celsius when it boils?

  Temperature remains constant
• What is the formula for calculating energy required for state change?

  Energy = mass × specific latent heat
• How much energy is required to boil 2.5 kg of water at 100 degrees Celsius?

  5,650,000 joules
• What are the stages of heating 1 kg of water from -50°C to 150°C?

  1. Heating solid ice from -50°C to 0°C
  2. Melting ice at 0°C (specific latent heat of fusion)
  3. Heating liquid water from 0°C to 100°C
  4. Boiling water at 100°C (specific latent heat of vaporization)
  5. Heating water vapor from 100°C to 150°C
• What happens during cooling of a substance at state change?

  • Formation of new bonds between particles
  • Energy is released
  • Temperature remains constant during state change