the supreme court

• What is the highest court in the UK?

  The Supreme Court
• Why was the Supreme Court created?

  To separate the judiciary from parliament
• What type of cases does the Supreme Court hear?

  Criminal and civil case appeals
• Is the Supreme Court the final court of appeal for Scotland?

  No, it is not for criminal cases
• What types of cases does the Supreme Court hear?

  Cases of public significance with arguable points of law
• What are key functions of the Supreme Court?

  Defending rights, law enforcement, applying EU law
• How does the Supreme Court defend citizens' rights?

  By using the rule of law
• What act protects UK citizens' rights?

  The Human Rights Act (1998)
• What freedoms does the Human Rights Act protect?

  Right to life and fair trial
• What does the Supreme Court uphold regarding EU laws?

  They are outlined in the ECHR
• What is Judicial Review?

  It protects rights and freedoms
• How many judges are in the Supreme Court?

  12 judges
• What established the Supreme Court?

  The Constitutional Reform Act (2005)
• Who are some justices of the Supreme Court?

  Lord Reed, Lord Sumption, Lord Lloyd-Jones
• What is the retirement age for justices appointed after 1995?

  Must retire at 70
• What are the key principles of the Supreme Court?

  Judicial neutrality and independence
• What does judicial independence mean?

  Judges are free from political pressure
• What prevents political influence over the court?

  Security of tenure and independent appointments
• Why is judicial neutrality important?

  Judges must rule on political issues
• What demographic imbalance exists in the Supreme Court?

  Majority are male, white, and middle-aged
• What does the Lord Chancellor do regarding Supreme Court appointments?

  Makes the final decision on appointments
• What is the principle of ultra vires?

  Acting beyond legal authority
• What can the Supreme Court do under the principle of ultra vires?

  Overturn legislation
• What ruling did the Supreme Court make regarding Chris Grayling?

  He acted ultra vires with the residence test
• What can the Supreme Court declare regarding government decisions?

  Incompatibility with the European Convention on Human Rights
• What was the declaration of incompatibility issued in June 2018 about?

  The Civil Partnerships Act
• What did the Supreme Court uphold in 2015 regarding Prince Charles?

  A freedom of information request
• What did the Supreme Court argue regarding Brexit procedures?

  Government lacked power without an act of parliament
• How many judicial reviews were there in 2022?

  2,400 judicial reviews
• What was the outcome of the 2016 Miller Case?

  Reinforced parliamentary sovereignty
• What did the 2019 Miller Case confirm?

  Blocked unlawful proroguing of parliament
• What action did Scotland take regarding tuition fees?

  Scrapped tuition fees in 2008
• What happened in 2023 regarding South Cambridgeshire Council?

  Threatened funding over a 4-day work week
• What was the outcome of the 2022 IndyRef 2?

  Stuck down by the Supreme Court
• What happened to Scotland’s Gender Recognition Reform Bill in 2023?

  Vetoed by the Government under Section 35
• What is the Supreme Court's role in law enforcement?

  Upholds laws and rights when challenged
• How does the Supreme Court influence parliament and the executive?

  Through judicial review and ultra vires
• What is the significance of the Constitutional Reform Act (2005)?

  Improved independence of the UK judiciary
• What are the implications of the Supreme Court's rulings on government decisions?

  Can declare laws illegal or incompatible
• What is the relationship between the Supreme Court and the European Convention on Human Rights?

  The Supreme Court can declare incompatibility