States of matter

• What are the three states of matter

  Solid, liquid, and gas
• What does particle theory help explain?

  How particles behave in different states
• How are particles considered in the particle theory model?

  As small solid inelastic spheres
• What holds particles together in solids?

  Strong forces of attraction
• What structure do particles form in solids?

  A regular lattice structure
• Why do solids have a definite shape and volume?

  Particles are fixed in position
• How do particles in solids behave?

  They vibrate in their fixed positions
• What happens to solid particles when heated?

  They gain energy and vibrate more
• What is the melting point?

  The temperature where solids melt
• What occurs at the melting point?

  Particles break free of their bonds
• What are the forces of attraction like in liquids?

  Weak forces of attraction
• How are particles arranged in liquids?

  Pretty randomly
• Why do liquids have a definite volume?

  Particles tend to stick together
• How do liquids behave in a container?

  They flow to fit the container
• What happens to liquid particles when heated?

  They gain energy and move faster
• What is the boiling point?

  The temperature where liquids boil
• What occurs at the boiling point?

  Particles break bonds and become gas
• What is the force of attraction like in gases?

  Very weak
• How do gases behave in a container?

  They fill the container completely
• What does random motion of gas particles mean?

  Particles can travel in any direction
• What happens when gas particles are heated?

  They travel faster and expand
• What happens to gas in an expandable container when heated?

  It expands
• What happens to gas in a fixed container when heated?

  Pressure increases
• What happens when gas is cooled down enough?

  It condenses into a liquid
• What happens to liquid particles when cooled further?

  They freeze into a solid
• What is a limitation of the particle model?

  Particles aren't solid or inelastic spheres
• What does the particle model not include?

  Details of forces between particles
• Why are models like particle theory useful?

  They simplify complex concepts
• What are the processes of changing states of matter?

  • Melting: Solid to liquid
  • Boiling: Liquid to gas
  • Condensing: Gas to liquid
  • Freezing: Liquid to solid
• What are the characteristics of solids, liquids, and gases?

  Solids:

  • Fixed shape and volume
  • Strong forces of attraction
  • Regular lattice structure

  
  

  Liquids:

  • Definite volume, shape changes
  • Weak forces of attraction
  • Random arrangement

  
  

  Gases:

  • No definite shape or volume
  • Very weak forces of attraction
  • Fill the container completely