Cold war History

• The Berlin Wall was built to prevent East Germans from escaping to the West.
• the usa was capitalist and the ussr is communist
• In feb 1945 the grand alliance held a conference at yalta in the soviet union
• the three leaders that attended the conference were Joseph stalin,FDR and Churchill
• stalin wanted to gain influence in east europe, FDR wanted to create the UNand Churchill wanted to preserve britain's global power and limit influence of ussr
• Germany would be divided into four zones of occupation with the allies controlling them
• A united nations organisation would be created to maintain peace and security around the world
• potsdam revealed cracks in the alliance between ussr,usa and britain
• The big three met again in potsdam in july 1945 to discuss how germany was going to be rebuilt
• Churchill had been replaced by Clement Attlee as prime minister due to his poor health
• Truman was now president instead of Roosevelt who died in april 1945
• relations became hostile as britain and us alarmed by stalin's actions in poland by creating a government of only pro-communist members
• Truman was suspicious of stalin and less willing to compromise than roosevelt
• cold war is the prolonged period of tension between the us and soviet union from 1945-1991
• superpowers are countries that hold large influence and dominance across the world they are also wealthy
• the cold war began when the allies split into two groups, one led by the US and another by the USSR
• The Soviet Union wanted to spread communism around the world while the United States wanted to stop this happening.
• Hiroshima was August 6th 1945
• Yalta conference was February 1945
• Nagasaki was august 9th 1945
• Potsdam conference was July 17th 1945
• Berlin Airlift was June 24th 1948 - May 12th 1949
• at potsdam agreements were finalised boundaries for poland formed and germany and berlin to be divided
• Between 1945-48 stalin installed pro-soviet communist governments in eastern europe in poland, hungary,romania, bulgaria and czechoslovakia
• the Marshall plan was announced on june 5th 1947 by george marshall
• communist governments removed political opponents and held fixed elections to stay in control
• The Berlin blockade was the soviet union's attempt to force west Germany out of West Berlin
• In response to the Berlin Blockade Truman ordered an air bridge into West Berlin which lasted from June 1948 until may 1949
• in 1946 churchill gives a speech about europe being divided by a metaphorical iron curtain
• Proxy Wars were when two superpowers fought through other countries rather than directly fighting against eachother
• Truman believed communism thrived in poverty specifically as many countries were in hardship due to ww2
• USA introduce policy of containment and stop the spread of communism into western europe
• The Truman doctrine pledged to support any nation threatened by communist takeover
• Warsaw pact is formed on May 14th 1955
• NATO is formed on April 4th 1949
• Marshall plan was introduced in june 1947
• Truman doctrine provided support diplomatically, militarily or financially
• USA give $400 million of aid to turkey and greece
• october 1947 stalin sets up cominform to unite all communist states
• marshall plan fully divides europe. doctrine tries to stop spread of communism