maternal deprivation

• seperation

  distress when separated for a short period of time from PCG to whom an attachment has been formed
• deprivation

  when a bond that has been formed is broken following longer seperation
• privation

  never formed attachment to a primary caregiver
• affectionless psychopath

  lack of normal affection, shame or sense of responsibilty
• 44 juvenile thieves study aim

  investigate long term effects of maternal deprivation
• 44 thieves procedure

  sample of 88 children from his clinic

  group 1 - 44 teenagers referred because of stealing

  group 2 - 44 teenagers referred because of emotional problems

  both groups matched for age and IQ

  children and parents interviewed focusing on their early life experiences
• 44 thieves findings

  thief group

  14 = affection less psychopaths

  12 of those had experienced prolonged separation

  control group

  2 had prolonged seperation

  none were affection less psychopaths
• 44 thieves conclusion

  there is a relationship between prolonged separation and being an affection less psychopath
• Goldfarb study

  15 children raised in institution for 3 years then fostered

  compared to children who had been in foster care from early on
• Goldfarb findings

  institution groups were delayed intellectually compared to foster group.

  displayed less mature behaviour and struggled forming relationships
• Goldfarb conclusions

  early institutionalisation resulted in developmental deficits that were not overcome once children were placed in more stimulating and loving environments
• problems with correlational study

  correlations are not causations.

  just because one variable exists doesn't mean it causes the other
• why might bowlbys evidence be poor quality

  studied orphan children during WW2. orphans were traumatised and had poor aftercare therefore factors might have been the causes of later development difficulties rather than seperation