Elastic vs. Plastic Deformation

• How does the material behave in the plastic region?

  • Flows more like a liquid
  • Becomes softer
  • More easily deformed
• What is the relationship between stress and strain in the linear elastic region?

  They are proportional to each other.
• What type of behavior is exhibited in the plastic region?

  Non-linear behavior is exhibited.
• What is the name of the region on the graph labeled "Fracture point"?

  Fracture point
• What happens when the yield point is reached?

  The material undergoes permanent deformation.
• What happens to a material during elastic deformation when force is removed?

  It returns to its original shape
• How does elastic deformation occur in materials?

  Materials change shape under force but revert
• What is the definition of plastic deformation?

  The material does not return to its original shape when the force is removed.
• What happens to a rubber band when it is stretched?

  It stretches and returns to normal shape
• What is the name of the region on the graph labeled "Elastic"?

  Elastic
• How does plastic deformation differ from elastic deformation?

  Plastic deformation is permanent, elastic is reversible
• How does strain behave in the plastic region compared to stress increments?

  Strain increases significantly with smaller stress increments.
• What is the difference between the yield point and the rupture/fracture point?

  • The yield point is the point of transition to plastic deformation, which is fully reversible
  • The rupture/fracture point is the point where the material breaks or fractures, which is irreversible
• What is plastic deformation?

  Permanent shape change after force removal
• What is the term used to describe the limit where the material deformation becomes non-linear?

  Proportionality limit
• What is the significance of the linear elastic region in stress-strain relationships?

  • Stress and strain are proportional
  • Defined by Young's modulus (E)
  • Indicates material's stiffness
• What is the definition of elastic deformation?

  The material returns to its original shape when the force is removed.
• What does the curved line beyond point E in the image indicate?

  Plastic (permanent) deformation
• What is the name of the region on the graph labeled "Plastic deformation"?

  Plastic deformation
• What are the key differences between the force-displacement graphs for elastic and plastic deformation?

  • Elastic deformation: Linear, material returns to original shape
  • Plastic deformation: Shows permanent deformation, material does not return to original shape
• Why is elastic deformation valuable for certain materials?

  It allows them to return to their original shape.
• How does rubber behave under stress?

  It stretches and returns to normal
• How can you identify elastic vs. plastic deformation in a material?

  • Elastic deformation: Material returns to original shape
  • Plastic deformation: Material does not return to original shape
• What limitation does elastic deformation have?

  It can break or permanently deform beyond limits.
• What are the characteristics of elastic deformation?

  • Temporary change in shape
  • Returns to original shape after force removal
  • Does not permanently alter the material
• What happens to steel under small amounts of stress?

  It returns after compression
• What is the name of the region on the graph labeled "Fracture point"?

  Fracture point
• How does plastic behave when molded?

  It maintains its new form
• Why is plastic deformation crucial in manufacturing processes?

  It allows materials to be shaped permanently.
• What is the name of the region on the graph labeled "Plastic deformation"?

  Plastic deformation
• How does metal behave when bent?

  It bends and stays bent
• What is the name of the region on the graph labeled "Elastic"?

  Elastic
• What is plastic deformation?

  Permanently changing the shape of a material.
• In what scenarios would you prefer elastic deformation over plastic deformation?

  When temporary changes are needed in materials.
• What are the characteristics of plastic deformation?

  • Permanent change in shape
  • Occurs after the removal of force
  • Different from elastic deformation
• What are the practical implications of elastic vs. plastic deformation?

  They differ based on temporary or permanent changes.
• What are the key regions of the stress-strain curve shown in the image?

  • Elastic region: Material deforms reversibly
  • Plastic deformation region: Material deforms irreversibly
  • Fracture point: Material breaks
• What does the grey shaded area in the image represent?

  Elastic (reversible) region
• What is the term for the point at which the material transitions from elastic to plastic deformation?

  Yield point
• What are the key differences between elastic and plastic deformation?

  • Elastic deformation: Material returns to original shape when force is removed
  • Plastic deformation: Material does not return to original shape when force is removed