Unit 2

• What are protons and neutrons made up of?

  quarks
• Any particle that makes up matter is called a fermion
• Fundamental particles are also known as elementary particles
• What is a fundamental particle?

  they are not made up of anything smaller
• What are the 6 types of quarks?

  • up
  • down
  • strange
  • charm
  • top
  • bottom
• An electron is a fundamental particle
• An up quark has a charge of?

  +2/3
• A down quark has a charge of?

  -1/3
• What are protons made up of?

  two up quarks and one down quark
• What is a neutron made up of?

  two down quarks and one up quark
• What are the 3 main types of leptons?

  • electron
  • muon
  • tau
• What is the neutrino counterpart of an electron?

  e-neutrino
• What is the neutrino counterpart of a muon?

  m-neutrino
• What is the neutrino counterpart of a tau?

  t-neutrino
• What are the 6 types of leptons?

  • electron
  • muon
  • tau
  • e-neutrino
  • m-neutrino
  • t-neutrino
• What is a boson?

  a force mediating particle
• Charge of a strange quark?

  -1/3
• Charge of a charm quark?

  +2/3
• Charge of a top quark?

  +2/3
• Charge of a bottom quark?

  -1/3
• Define a hadron?

  any particle made up of more than 1 quark
• what are the 2 main types of hadron?

  • baryon
  • meson
• What is a baryon?

  Particle made up of 3 quarks
• 2 examples of baryons are?

  • proton
  • neutron
• What is a meson?

  particle made of 2 quarks, usually a quark and an anti-quark
• What generation are electrons?

  1
• What generation are muons?

  2
• What generation are tau?

  3
• Muons and tau can be found in?

  • particle accelerators
  • cosmic rays
• Antimatter equivalent of an electron?

  positron
• Antimatter equivalent of a proton?

  Antiproton
• Antimatter equivalent of a neutron?

  antineutron
• Antimatter equivalent of an up quark?

  Antiup quark
• Antimatter equivalent of a neutrino?

  antineutrino
• Antimatter equivalent of a down quark?

  Antidown quark
• how to draw the symbol for an antimatter particle?

  symbol with a bar above it
• Antimatter equivalents have the same mass however an opposite?

  charge
• What are the 4 fundamental forces?

  • gravity
  • electromagnetic
  • strong nuclear force
  • weak nuclear force
• What is the boson for electromagnetic force?

  photon
• Range of a photon?

  infinite