c. Capitalism

• It is to the advantage of the owners of production to ensure that poverty exists, as it allows them to maintain the capitalist system and maximize profits.

  Members of the working class own only their labour, which is sold for a wage. For members of society whose labour is not in demand, wages are low.

  Competition among workers ensures that wage levels remain in check.

  The state will act in favour of the ruling class and, therefore, governments will do little to alleviate poverty.