Waves

• What is a transverse wave?

  A wave where particles vibrate perpendicular
• How does the wavelength of a wave relate to its frequency?

  The wavelength and frequency of a wave are inversely proportional
• What is the term used to describe the compression of the wave again in the image?

  Compression
• How can the wavelength of a wave be calculated from the image?

  The wavelength can be measured as the distance between two consecutive peaks or troughs of the wave.
• What are the key characteristics of transverse waves?

  • Oscillations are perpendicular to travel direction
  • Amplitude is maximum displacement from rest
  • Wavelength is distance between consecutive peaks
• What are the key features of the wave shown in the image?

  • Compression regions where the wave is compressed
  • Rarefaction regions where the wave is expanded
  • Wavelength is the distance between consecutive compression or rarefaction regions
• What are transverse waves?

  Waves where particles move perpendicular to wave direction
• How is the amplitude of a sine wave related to its maximum and minimum values?

  • The amplitude is half the difference between the maximum and minimum values
  • For example, if the maximum value is +5 and the minimum is -5, the amplitude is 5
• How do particles in a transverse wave move?

  They vibrate up and down perpendicular to wave direction
• What is the term used to describe the maximum height or depth of a wave?

  Maximum amplitude
• If the period of a sine wave is 2 seconds, what is its frequency?

  $\frac{1}{2} \text{ Hz}$
• What type of graph is shown in the image?

  Sine wave
• Which type of wave do sound waves travel as?

  Longitudinal waves
• What are the key characteristics of transverse waves?

  • Particles vibrate perpendicular to wave direction
  • Example: ripples in water
  • Contrast with longitudinal waves
• What is the purpose of a sine wave?

  To represent a periodic oscillating signal
• How do air particles behave in a longitudinal wave?

  They vibrate parallel to the wave direction
• What is the term used to describe the compression of the wave again in the image?

  Compression
• What are compressions and rarefactions in longitudinal waves?

  • Compressions: Particles bunch together
  • Rarefactions: Particles spread out
• What is the term used to describe the rarefaction of the wave in the image?

  Rarefaction
• What type of waves have oscillations parallel to the direction of travel?

  Longitudinal waves
• What is the relationship between the wavelength, frequency, and speed of a wave?

  • Wave speed = wavelength x frequency
  • This relationship is expressed as: $v =$$\lambda f$
• What happens when a rope shakes vertically?

  It creates transverse waves
• How do particles move in longitudinal waves?

  Particles move back and forth
• What are the two types of waves shown in the image?

  Longitudinal waves and transverse waves
• How do particles move in transverse waves?

  Particles move up and down
• What is a characteristic of transverse waves?

  Oscillations are perpendicular to travel direction
• What are rarefactions in a longitudinal wave?

  Areas where particles are spread apart
• How do longitudinal waves differ from transverse waves in terms of particle movement?

  Longitudinal waves have parallel particle movement
• If the wavelength of the wave shown is 2 meters, what is the frequency of the wave?

  Unknown
• What do compressions and rarefactions represent in a longitudinal wave?

  They alternate along the direction of travel
• What are electromagnetic waves?

  Waves that include radio, light, and X-rays
• What are compressions in a longitudinal wave?

  Areas where particles are squeezed together
• What is the term used to describe the distance between two consecutive peaks or troughs in a wave?

  Wavelength
• If you wanted to study the propagation of sound waves, which type of wave would you focus on?

  Longitudinal waves
• What is the relationship between compressions and rarefactions in the image?

  • Compressions and rarefactions are alternating regions of high and low pressure in a wave
  • They occur in a repeating pattern along the length of the wave
• What type of wave is a longitudinal wave?

  Longitudinal wave
• What are the key differences between transverse and longitudinal waves?

  • Transverse waves:
  • Oscillations perpendicular to direction
  • Particle motion is up and down
  • Appearance is a smooth wave pattern
  • Longitudinal waves:
  • Oscillations parallel to direction
  • Particle motion is back and forth
  • Appearance includes compressions and rarefactions
• How do particles move in a longitudinal wave?

  Particles move parallel to the wave's direction
• What are the key features of a sine wave?

  • Periodic oscillation between positive and negative values
  • Amplitude is the maximum/minimum value
  • Period is the time for one complete cycle
  • Frequency is the number of cycles per unit time
• How do compressions and rarefactions relate to the propagation of sound waves?

  • Compressions are regions of high pressure where particles are closer together
  • Rarefactions are regions of low pressure where particles are further apart
  • The alternating compressions and rarefactions allow the wave to propagate through the medium