lived experience impacts engagement of an area due to:
age
gender
ethnicity
level of deprivation
length of residency
Place attachment = the bond between an individual or community and a location, It might be thought of as how much people care for a place.
People engage with their place through community action groups. These are created for many reasons:
Voluntary committees managing local allotments, open spaces and nature reserves, village shops
Powerful and vocal 'NIMBY' (not in my backyard) groups protesting over planned developments, such as new housing, fracking and wind farms
These factors may make a person feel excluded by a place or foster a sense of attachment to it. This impacts the levels of community engagement
Globalisation impacts on young people due to the wider cultural influences they experience (social media, music, food, fashion)
Some people (e.g. young people, ethnic minority groups, and the poor) can feel that a place does not represent them, leading to a sense of exclusion and marginalisation