Axon

• How does the speed of impulse transmission differ between myelinated and unmyelinated axons?

  Myelinated axons transmit impulses faster
• How does saltatory conduction work in relation to the nodes of Ranvier?

  The impulse jumps from node to node
• What type of impulse transmission do myelinated axons use?

  Fast saltatory transmission
• What is the destination of nerve impulses transmitted by the axon?

  Other neurons, muscles, or glands
• Why is one-way impulse transmission important in the nervous system?

  It maintains order in the nervous system
• What analogy is used to describe the function of nodes of Ranvier?

  Charging stations along a relay track
• What is the function of the nodes of Ranvier?

  They facilitate saltatory conduction
• Compare the characteristics of myelin sheath and nodes of Ranvier.

  | Myelin Sheath | Nodes of Ranvier |

  | --- | --- |

  | Continuous insulation | Small gaps in insulation |

  | Slow conduction | Fast saltatory conduction |
• What are the key differences between axons and dendrites?

  • Axons are long and fiber-like
  • Dendrites are short and tree-like
  • Axons transmit signals away from the neuron
  • Dendrites receive signals from other cells
• How does the myelin sheath affect nerve impulses?

  It increases the speed of nerve impulses
• What is the significance of the myelin sheath's insulation?

  It allows for efficient signal transmission
• What happens to nerve impulses when they reach the synapse?

  They allow communication between different cells
• How are neurotransmitters transported along the axon?

  Within vesicles
• What is the role of neurotransmitters at the synapse?

  Enable neuronal signaling
• What do the electrical signals transmitted by the axon originate from?

  The neuron's cell body
• What are the key features that differentiate myelinated and unmyelinated axons?

  • Myelin:
  • Myelinated: Present in segments
  • Unmyelinated: Absent
  • Speed:
  • Myelinated: Fast saltatory
  • Unmyelinated: Slow continuous
  • Diameter:
  • Myelinated: Typically thicker
  • Unmyelinated: Typically thinner
• What does the myelin sheath look like along the axon?

  • It forms multiple segments
  • Creates a characteristic segmented appearance
• What is the effect of myelin sheath on conduction speed?

  It slows conduction without nodes
• What is the definition of an axon?

  A long projection from the neuron cell body
• What is the main structural difference between myelinated and unmyelinated axons?

  Myelinated axons have a myelin sheath
• What types of cells does the axon connect to?

  Other neurons, muscles, or glands
• What is typically thinner, myelinated or unmyelinated axons?

  Unmyelinated axons
• How does the axon differ from dendrites?

  Axons carry impulses away; dendrites receive signals
• What additional role does the myelin sheath serve besides increasing speed?

  It protects the nerve fiber from damage
• What are the electrical signals called that move along the axon?

  Nerve impulses
• How do nodes of Ranvier affect nerve impulse speed compared to continuous conduction?

  • Nodes allow for faster signal transmission
  • Impulses jump between nodes
  • Continuous conduction is slower
• What are the nodes of Ranvier?

  Small gaps in the myelin sheath
• What is typically thicker, myelinated or unmyelinated axons?

  Myelinated axons
• What type of impulse transmission do unmyelinated axons use?

  Slow continuous transmission
• What does the myelin sheath do for myelinated axons?

  It speeds up impulse transmission
• What is the myelin sheath?

  A fatty layer around axons
• Why do unmyelinated axons conduct impulses more slowly?

  They lack the myelin sheath
• What is the primary function of the axon?

  To transmit electrical signals
• What type of transmission does the axon ensure?

  One-way impulse transmission