London- william blake

• "chartered Thames does flow" -controlled -jarring juxtaposition -man vs nature
• "every infants cry of fear" -destruction of innocence -pathos -evoke reaction from reader- fear=negative emotion
• "mind-forged mannacles" -psychological handcuffs enforced by state institutions
• "black'ning church appalls" -corrupt -juxtapose innocence and purity church/religion is supposed to represent -funerial quality
• "runs in blood down palace walls" -allude to French revolution (1789) -veiled threat -gruesome imagery to provoke thought/revolution
• "new-born infants tear" -jarring as this imagery is inconsistent with general perceptions of babies (pure/ innocent /naive) -universal experience ven from birht
• themes: -institutional power -oppression -control
• form and structure: -iambic tetrameter (spoken) -ABAB rhyme scheme (inescapable system/pattern)
• language: - bleak - revolutionary quality -offers a vignette of london -semantic fields of pain/suffering
• tone: -critical
• context: -first hand experience of london pre industrial revolution(poverty/disease) -critical of organised religion/ monarchy/ institutions -post french revolution (implicit appeal for insurgence/mutiny)