Functions of each organ system

• What is the name of the structure that contains the pressure-sensitive receptors?

  Pacinian corpuscle
• What are the two main components of the skeletal system?

  Axis and appendages
• What is the function of the epidermis?

  Protects from pathogens and UV radiation
• What is the name of the structure that contracts to cause hairs to stand up?

  Arrector pili muscle
• What are the main layers of the skin?

  • Epidermis
  • Dermis
  • Hypodermis
• How do the male and female reproductive organs differ?

  Male: Testes produce sperm

  Female: Ovaries produce eggs
• How many skeletal muscles are in the human muscular system?

  About 700
• What are the main components of the Central Nervous System?

  • Brain
  • Spinal cord
• What are the major muscle regions and their corresponding major muscles?

  • Head: Occipitofrontalis, Sternocleidomastoid
  • Trunk: Trapezius, Rectus Abdominis
  • Limbs: Biceps Brachii (upper), Rectus Femoris (lower)
• What is the function of nerves in the Peripheral Nervous System?

  Nerves transmit signals between the central nervous system and the rest of the body
• What is the function of the spinal cord in the Central Nervous System?

  The spinal cord transmits signals between the brain and the rest of the body
• How do the CNS and PNS function together in the nervous system?

  • CNS serves as the control center
  • PNS acts as the communication network
  • PNS transmits information to and from the CNS
• What are the names of the two small, triangular-shaped glands located on top of the kidneys?

  Adrenal glands
• What is the name of the bone that forms the lower leg?

  Tibia
• What is the name of the gland located at the base of the brain?

  Pituitary gland
• What is the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)?


  A network of nerves throughout the body
• What are the two main divisions of the nervous system?

  Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System
• What color represents oxygen-poor blood/veins in the image?

  Blue
• What are the main bones of the upper limb?

  • Clavicle
  • Manubrium
  • Scapula
  • Humerus
  • Ulna
  • Radius
• What are the names of the two small, bean-shaped organs located near the spine that filter waste from the blood?

  Kidneys
• What are the main components and functions of the lymphatic system?

  • Lymph nodes: Filter lymph fluid and trap pathogens
  • Lymphatic vessels: Transport lymph fluid
  • Spleen: Filters blood, recycles red blood cells, stores lymphocytes
  • Thymus gland: Produces T cells for immune response
  • Bone marrow: Produces lymphocytes (B cells and T cells)
• What bones make up the thoracic cage?

  Ribs and sternum
• What are the main bones of the lower limb?

  • Pelvic girdle
  • Femur
  • Patella
  • Tibia
  • Fibula
  • Tarsals
  • Metatarsals
  • Phalanges
• What is the name of the lymphatic vessel that runs through the chest?

  thoracic duct
• Which side of the heart does oxygen-poor blood enter?

  Right side
• What are the main components of the digestive system?

  Digestive organs and accessory organs
• What happens to blood after it enters the right side of the heart?

  It is pumped to the lungs for oxygenation
• What is the name of the organ that stores bile and is located under the liver?

  Gallbladder
• Through which vessels does oxygen-poor blood return to the heart?

  Through veins
• What type of blood returns to the left side of the heart?

  Oxygenated blood
• What is the function of the liver in digestion?

  Produces bile for fat breakdown
• What does the dermis contain?

  Hair follicles, sweat glands, blood vessels, nerves
• How can the muscles shown in the image be used to perform different movements and actions?

  • Facial expressions (e.g. smiling, frowning, blinking)
  • Head and neck movements (e.g. rotation, flexion, extension)
  • Arm and shoulder movements (e.g. abduction, adduction, flexion, extension)
  • Trunk movements (e.g. flexion, rotation, lateral flexion)
  • Leg and foot movements (e.g. flexion, extension, plantar flexion)
• What is included in the pelvic girdle?

  Hip bones
• What is the name of the bone that forms the upper part of the arm?

  Humerus
• What gas does the respiratory system remove from the blood?

  Carbon dioxide
• What is the name of the tube that connects the kidney to the bladder?

  Ureter
• What are the three main layers of the skin?

  Epidermis, dermis, hypodermis
• What is the name of the muscle that pulls the corners of the mouth upwards (smiling)?

  Zygomaticus major
• What is the name of the diagram shown in the image?

  Urinary System Diagram