Ergogenic aids

• What is the definition of carbohydrates?

  Sugars and starches stored in the body as glycogen and converted into glucose to fuel energy production
• What is the definition of fats

  Triglycerides which provide the body with fatty acids for energy production,, saturated or unsaturated
• What is the definition of vitamins?

  Essential organic nutrients required for healthy body function,, macro or trace,, fat soluble or water soluble
• What is the definition of protein?

  Amino acids are essential for the growth and repair of cells and tissues, can be broken down for energy.
• What is the definition of minerals?

  Essential inorganic nutrients required for healthy body functions,, macro or trace.
• What is the definition of fibre

  A complex carbohydrate made from the indigestible parts of plant foods,, soluble or insoluble
• What is the definition of water?

  Allows for chemical reactions to take place and moves substances around the body
• What is the definition of energy expenditure?

  The sum of the basal metabolic rate, the thermal effect of food and the energy expended through physical activity
• What is the definition of basal metabolic rate?

  The minimum amount of energy required to sustain essential physiological function at rest accounts for up to 75% of energy expenditure
• What is the definition of the thermic effect of food?

  The energy required to eat, digest, absorb and use food taken in and accounts for a very small % of energy expenditure
• What is the definition of physical activity energy expenditure?

  The total number of calories required to perform daily tasks which can be estimated in MET values
• What is the definition of metabolic equivalent value

  The ratio of a performers working metabolic rate to their resting metabolic rate.
• What is the definition for energy intake?

  The total amount of energy from food and beverages consumed and can be measured in joules or calories.
• What is the definition of energy?

  The ability to perform work (joules or calories)
• what is the definition of energy balance?

  The relationship between energy intake and energy expenditure
• What is the definition of an ergogenic aid?

  A substance, object or method used to improve or enhance performance
• What is the definition of a pharmacological aid?

  A group of ergogenic aids taken to increase the levels of hormones or neural transmitters naturally produced in the body e.g. Anabolic steroids
• What is the definition of an physiological aid?

  A group of ergogenic aids used to increase the rate of adaptation by the body to increase performance e.g. blood doping
• What is the definition of a nutritional aid?

  The manipulation of diet (timings,type,composition) and use of nutritional supplements to enhance performance. E.g. glycogen/carb loading
• What is the definition of anabolic steroids?

  A group of illegal synthetic hormones resembling testosterone to promote protein synthesis for muscle growth, recovery and repair
• What is the definition of erythropoietin (EPO) or recombinant erythropoietin?

  A group of illegal synthetic hormones resembling testosterone to promote protein synthesis for muscle growth, recovery and repair.
• What is the definition of human growth hormone (hgh )

  Illegal synthetic product copying natural growth hormone to increase protein synthesis for muscle growth, recovery and repair
• What is the definition of blood doping?

  An illegal method of increasing red blood cell count by infusing blood prior to competition
• What is the definition of intermittent hypoxic training?

  Interval training with work intervals performed under hypoxic conditions
• What is the definition of cooling aids?

  A range of products such as ice vests, packs and baths used to reduce core temperature, treat injury and speed up recover
• What is the definition of an electrolyte?

  Salts and minerals such as potassium and sodium that conduct electrical impulses, lost through sweat and essential to replace to prevent early fatigue
• What is the definition of creatine

  Consumption of creatine monohydrate increases stores of pc to increase intensity and duration of performance.
• what is the definition of caffeine

  A stimulant used to heighten the central nervous system and mobilise fats to prolong aerobic energy production
• What is the definition of bicarbonate?

  An alkaline which acts as a buffer to neutralise a rise in lactic acid associated with intense aerobic activity, known as soda loading
• What is the definition of a nitrate?

  Inorganic compounds which dialate blood vessels, reducing blood pressure and increase blood flow to the muscles
• What is the definition of hyper viscosity?

  Excessive blood thickening with high resistance to flow
• What is the definition of hypoxia?

  A condition where the body is subject to inadequate supply of oxygen to maintain normal function
• What is the definition of buffering capacity?

  The ability to resist changes in PH, for example, The ability to reduce the negative effect of hydrogen ions on muscular contraction.
• What is the definition of the onset of blood lactate accumulation (OBLA)

  The point of which there is a dramatic rise in blood lactate levels causing the onset of fatigue (4mmol/l)
• What is the definition of thermal strain?

  Its the additional pressure placed on the body by an increase in temperature that can cause short and long term negative effects.
• What is the definition of cardiovascular drift

  Its the upward drift of heart rate during sustained steady-state activity associated with an increase in body temperature (1 degree can increase HR b 10BPM)
• What is the definition of lactate threshold

  The exercise intensity where blood lactate concentration increases suddenly and dramatically.
• What are ergogenic aids?

  Substances or methods to enhance performance
• What is the role of ergogenic aids?

  To improve or enhance athletic performance
• What organization oversees doping in sports?

  World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA)