part 1

• kaiser Wilhelm- the ruler of Germany who abdicated because Germany lost the war
• Friedrich Ebert-leader of SPD and first chancellor of the republic
• Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht- leaders of Spartacist revolt
• Wolfgang Kapp- nationalist who wanted Friekorps to take over Germany
• Gustav Stresemann-lead the recovery of the republic through being chancellor and foreign minister
• Charles Dawes- American banker who made the Dawes plan to save German economy
• Civil servant


  someone who works for the government in some way
• Trade unions


  Group of workers that protect the rights and interests of workers in various occupations
• Reichstag


  The name of the German parliament
• Communist


  representatives of workers form a government and take ownership of all land and property ect
• coalition government


  Lots of parties rule together and have to compromise to pass laws and rules
• WW1 kills 2 million German soldiers and injures 4 million
• After ww1 debt was 150 billion marks
• 750000 Germans die from food shortages during WW1
• 3th November 1919 - naval mutiny in Kiel after navy refuses to fight British navy
• November 1918 - there has been many riots and much international unrest
• 9th November 1918 - Kaiser abdicates after being told the army does not support him. He flees to Holland on exile
• 9th November 1918 - SPD announce a new republic to wild crowds. They had to act fast
• Kaisers chancellor Max von Baden gave chancellor role to Ebert
• Ebert kept extremist parties (like communists) out of control and made sure they could not take over. He let 6 moderate party leaders take temporary control.
• The armistice was signed on the 11th November 1918 by Erzberger
• Ebert tries to increase confidence in republic
• The radical left and far right did not agree with Ebert
• Ebert announces elections to form new national assembly who will create new constitution
• The constitution was agreed on in Weimar and was accepted 262 votes to 75 votes
• War left huge living gaps between rich and poor
• War made workers have restrictions on wages and owners made as much as they wanted
• War left low national income
• War left low industrial production
• War broke traditional family values
• war left 600000 widows and 2 million children with no fathers
• Weimar republic were called November criminals
• Weimar republic was democratic
• Weimar republic lowered voting age to 21
• Weimar constitution has proportional representation to aviod a party having too much power
• Weimar constitution gives central governments more power and gives 18 region individuality
• Weimar constitution gives small parties too much power
• Weimar constitution caused many coalitions which caused weakness
• Weimar constitution had article 48
• Weimar republic was brought by violence and goes against the people