Evil and Suffering summary booklet sheet

• What are the two types of evil discussed in the material?

  Natural evil and moral evil
• What does moral evil involve according to the text?

  Actions and inactions of people
• How does Job's story illustrate the concepts of natural and moral evil?

  Job suffers both types of evil
• What question do Jesus' disciples ask regarding the blind man?

  Is it due to his sins or his parents' sins?
• Who posed the logical problem of evil?

  Epicurus
• What is the inconsistent triad proposed by JL Mackie?

  God's love, power, and existence with evil
• What conclusion does Mackie reach regarding the existence of God?

  If evil exists, God does not exist
• What does the evidential problem of evil focus on?

  The extent and pointless nature of evil
• Which literary work illustrates the evidential problem of evil?

  The Brothers Karamazov
• What does Ivan allege in The Brothers Karamazov?

  Innocent children's suffering cannot be excused
• What does JS Mill argue about the existence of evil?

  Some evils are unacceptable, like famine
• What is Hick's concept of the "vale of soul making"?

  World suffering helps develop our souls
• How does Hick justify the existence of evil?

  Evil is necessary for soul development
• What does Hick's two-stage creation imply?

  We need evil to become like God
• What is the value of free will according to the text?

  It justifies the existence of evil
• What does epistemic distance refer to?

  True free will requires real choices
• What do counterfactual hypotheses suggest?

  A world without suffering lacks value
• How does universal salvation relate to injustices?

  It justifies excessive injustices
• What is Hick's response to the logical problem of evil?

  Moral evil arises from human free will
• What does Hick argue about natural evil?

  It helps develop human virtues
• What are the strengths of Hick's theodicy?

  Aligns with scientific understandings of evolution
• What are the weaknesses of Hick's theodicy?

  Justifies excessive evil like the Holocaust
• What does the Free Will Defence (FWD) argue?

  Evil exists due to human free will
• How does Augustine's view differ in the context of evil?

  Evil is an absence of good
• What is the Contradiction Argument regarding evil?

  Evil is necessary for free will to exist
• What is Plantinga's argument about free will?

  True freedom includes potential for evil
• What does Swinburne argue about the extent of evil?

  It helps us show compassion
• What does process theodicy reject?

  Creation out of nothing and God's omnipotence
• How does Griffin describe God's relationship with the universe?

  God exists within and alongside the universe
• What does Griffin argue about God's ability to prevent evil?

  God cannot intervene due to chaotic matter
• What is the significance of suffering in process theodicy?

  It is part of the universe's complexity
• What does Griffin say about the risk of evil?

  It was worth the risk for complexity
• How does process theodicy view God's suffering?

  God suffers alongside humanity
• What are the strengths of process theodicy?

  Explains natural evil through chaotic matter
• What are the weaknesses of process theodicy?

  Challenges traditional views of God's omnipotence