ALL

• What are the life stages mentioned in the study material?

  Infancy, early childhood, adolescence
• What should you do at the end of the unit regarding your development description?

  Reflect to see if changes are needed
• How does physical growth and development progress during a person's life?

  It continues but is not always smooth
• At what age do infants reach approximately half their adult height?

  By two years old
• What key physical milestones do infants achieve by one year old?

  Infants can walk
• What key physical milestone do infants achieve by two years old?

  Infants can run
• What is the age range for early childhood?

  3–8 years
• How do children grow during early childhood?

  They grow at a steady pace
• What age range defines adolescence?

  9–18 years
• What significant physical changes occur during adolescence?

  Growth spurts and sexual characteristics develop
• What is the age range for early adulthood?

  19–45 years
• What is a key feature of early adulthood?

  Peak of physical fitness
• What age range defines middle adulthood?

  46–65 years
• What begins during middle adulthood?

  The ageing process with loss of strength
• What is the age range for later adulthood?

  65 years onwards
• What happens to mobility in later adulthood?

  Gradual loss of mobility occurs
• What is the difference between growth and development?

  Growth is measurable; development is complex changes
• What are the two dimensions to consider when referring to growth?

  Weight and length/height
• What happens to a healthy newborn's weight by four to five months?

  They double their birth weight
• What is the average growth of infants between one and two years?

  12 cm and 2.5 kg gained
• What is the purpose of measuring an infant's head circumference?

  To check the size and growth of the brain
• What do centile lines on a growth chart indicate?

  Average measurements of height and weight
• What are developmental norms?

  Average expectations for child development
• What are milestones in development?

  Abilities achieved by most children at certain ages
• What are the four main areas of skills acquisition?

  Physical, social, emotional, intellectual development
• How do children experience development?

  Holistically, with interdependent areas
• What are gross motor skills?

  Movements using large muscles of the body
• What are fine motor skills?

  Movements requiring smaller muscles and precision
• What is a key milestone for gross motor skills by age two?

  Infants can walk without help
• What is a key milestone for fine motor skills by age two?

  Infants can draw lines and circles
• What gross motor skill can children typically perform by age three?

  Use pedals to ride a tricycle
• What fine motor skill can children typically perform by age five?

  Dress and undress on their own
• What significant changes occur during puberty?

  Rapid growth and development of sexual characteristics
• What is the age range when girls typically start puberty?

  11 to 13 years
• What is the main male hormone responsible for changes during puberty?

  Testosterone
• What does testosterone stimulate in males during puberty?

  Sperm production and secondary characteristics
• What is the role of hormones during puberty?

  Control sexual development and physical changes
• What emotional changes might occur during puberty?

  Mood swings due to hormone levels
• What is a primary sexual characteristic in males?

  Enlargement of penis and testes
• What is a secondary sexual characteristic in females?

  Breasts develop and darken